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恒河露齿鲨

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恒河露齿鲨
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 软骨鱼纲 Chondrichthyes
亚类: 鲨总目 Selachimorpha
目: 真鲨目 Carcharhiniformes
科: 真鲨科 Carcharhinidae
属: 露齿鲨属 Glyphis
种:
恒河露齿鲨 G. gangeticus
二名法
Glyphis gangeticus
(J. P. Müller & Henle英语Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, 1839)
分布区域(蓝色)
异名
  • Carcharhinus gangeticus (Müller & Henle, 1839)
  • Carcharias gangeticus (Müller & Henle, 1839)
  • Carcharias murrayi (Günther, 1883)
  • Eulamia gangetica (Müller & Henle, 1839)
  • Platypodon gangeticus (Müller & Henle, 1839)
  • Carcharias siamensis (Steindachner, 1896)
  • Glyphis siamensis (Steindachner, 1896)
  • Glyphis fowlerae (Compagno, W. T. White & Cavanagh, 2010)

恒河露齿鲨(学名:Glyphis gangeticus)又名印度露齿鲨恒河真鲨恒河白眼鲛大沙恒河鲨,为真鲨科露齿鲨属的鱼类,属于极危物种印度孟加拉部分的布拉马普特拉河恒河博多河流域,该物种的模式产地主要在印度恒河。本种容易与同样分布于恒河的公牛鲨误认[2],但与公牛鲨不一样,恒河露齿鲨与他的另外两个近亲露齿鲨(Glyphis glyphis)、北河露齿鲨(Glyphis garricki)才是真正的淡水鲨鱼,而公牛鲨仍然需要游到海中进行繁殖。

描述

恒河露齿鲨属于较鲜为人知,缺乏足够研究数据资料的物种[3]。刚出生时的幼鲨体长为56至61 cm(22至24英寸),成年个体体长约为178 cm(70英寸),最长可达204 cm(80英寸)[4]。其他露齿鲨属物种出生时及成年个体的体长则仍然未知[5]

恒河露齿鲨的外型属于典型的真鲨科,具有两个无棘的背鳍以及一个臀鳍。第一背鳍的位置约于胸鳍的后三分之一位置;背鳍与腹鳍具有鳍游离后端。第二背鳍较大,高度约为第一背鳍的50%。臀鳍较第二背鳍小。胸鳍宽大。尾柄有尾前凹洼,但缺乏侧脊。体色多半为灰色至棕色,没有花纹[2]

恒河露齿鲨的眼睛很小,可能是为了适应的恒河与孟加拉湾的混浊水域中而退化。和其他鲨鱼一样,牠们的眼睛也有瞬膜[2]

参考文献

  1. ^ Compagno, L.J.V. Glyphis gangeticus. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN). 2007, 2007: e.T9281A12978210 [12 May 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-11). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Compagno, L. J. V. Threatened fishes of the world: Glyphis gangeticus (Muller & Henle, 1839) (Carcharnidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes. 1997, 49: 400. doi:10.1023/a:1007358922066. 
  3. ^ Martin, R. A. Conservation of freshwater and euryhaline elasmobranchs: a review. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 2005, 85 (5): 1049–1073. doi:10.1017/s0025315405012105. 
  4. ^ Compagno, L. J. V. 'Ganges shark Glyphis gangeticus'. In: Fowler, S.L., Cavanagh, R.D., Camhi, M., Burgess, G.H., Cailliet, G.M., Fordham, S.V., Simpfendorfer, C.A. and Musick, J.A. (eds). Sharks, rays and chimaeras: the status of the Chondrichthyan fishes.. Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, UK.: IUCN Species Survival Commission Shark Specialist Group, IUCN. 2005: 305–306. 
  5. ^ Martin, R. A. The Mysterious, Endangered River Sharks (Glyphis spp.). ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. [10 December 2012]. (原始内容存档于2020-06-27). 
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恒河露齿鲨
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