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左丘明

左丘明
左丘明像
本名氏:左丘
名:丘明
墓地山东省肥城市石横镇东衡鱼村东
国籍鲁国
别名丘明
活跃时期春秋时期
知名于鲁国史官
知名作品春秋左氏传(简称《左传》)、《国语
左丘明
汉语

左丘明(?—?),相传为中国春秋末期鲁国盲人史学家,为《左传》和《国语》的作者。《左传》为解释另一历史著作《春秋》的作品,战国时期成为儒家学派的经典之一。

姓名争议

对左丘明的姓名有很多观点。一说复姓左丘,名[1],一说单姓,名丘明。还有观点认为他姓,因其世代为左史,所以人们尊其为左丘明[2]

生平

左丘明的记载最早见于《论语·公冶长》。据传左丘明是春秋时期的盲人史官,与孔子同时代或在其前[3][4]司马迁史记》称其为“鲁君子”,又说他失明或无目,因此许多人认为他是一位瞽蒙

左丘明知识渊博,品德高尚,孔子曰:“巧言、令色、足恭,左丘明耻之,丘亦耻之;匿怨而友其人,左丘明耻之,丘亦耻之。”

据传,山东肥城是左丘明的食邑。《宋祥符二年平阴县令范讽重修左传精舍记》载:“二年春,余承命来莅兹邑。知县之东古肥子国地即左子故里,古庙犹存。”左丘明死后葬于肥城。《魏书·地形志》载:“富城有左丘明墓。”富城即今肥城一带。

后世

1725年(清雍正三年)为避孔子名讳,奉旨“丘”旁加“阝”改为邱氏,故左丘明之后改丘氏邱氏,今肥城市石横东衡鱼村邱氏皆为左丘明之后人。


注释

  1. ^ 清代朱彝尊经义考
  2. ^ 清代俞正燮《癸已类稿·左邱明子孙姓氏论》
  3. ^ 史记·太史公自序》:“左丘失明,厥有《国语》。”
  4. ^ 孔子家语·观周篇》:“孔子将修《春秋》﹐与左丘明乘﹐如周﹐观书于周史﹐归而修《春秋》之经﹐丘明为之传﹐共为表里。”

参看

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左丘明
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