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大陵五型变星

大陵五变星大陵五型双星是以英仙座β星(中国星名为大陵五)为代表的一种变星

当温度较低的恒星由较热的恒星前方经过时,会遮蔽后方恒星部分或全部的光,这是这对联星光度的主极小,所以由地球观察到的联星亮度会下降;但稍后,当较热的恒星经过过较冷恒星前方时,也会造成光度的下降,称为第二极小或次极小。

周期,或两次主极小的时间间隔,是非常规律的,可以测量出联星的公转周期,这个时间就是两颗星在轨道上互相环绕一周的时间。大部分的大陵五型变星是相当接近的双星,它们的周期都不长,通常都在几天之内。以知周期最短的是玉夫座VZ (0.145天),最长的则是御夫座ε,长达9892天(27年)。

大陵五型联星系统的伴星是形或略微椭球形,与所谓的天琴座β变星大熊座W变星有所不同,这两种变星的伴星都更为靠近,以致于引力会影响到恒星的外型。

通常,这类型的光度变化在一个视星等左右,已知变化最大的是天鹰座V342,光度变化达到3.4等。伴星可以是任何一种光谱类型,但较明亮的都属于B、A、F或G型光谱。

大陵五型变星的原型是在1669年被Geminiano Montanari发现的英仙座β星,造成变光的机制则在1782年才被约翰·古德利克正确的予以阐明[1]

已知的大陵五型变星有数千颗,在2003年版的变星总目录(gcvs)中已经列出了3,554颗,占总数的9%,一些有趣的大陵五型变星可以在著名的变星列表中查到。

参考资料

  1. ^ John Goodricke: The Discovery of the Occultating Variable Stars. [2019-08-19]. (原始内容存档于2006-06-22). 
  • 食变星, D. Bruton (Stephen F. Austin State University)
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大陵五型变星
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