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平衡集

線性代數和相關的數學領域中,一個平衡集(balanced set)、圓集圓盤是在一個上加上絕對值函數向量空間上的集合,使得對於所有純量以及

其中

集合S平衡包(balanced hull)或平衡包絡(balanced envelope)是包含S的最小平衡集。它可以由取所有包含S的平衡集的交集所構造出來。

例子

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  • 賦範向量空間內的開或閉是平衡集。
  • 任何實或複向量空間子空間是平衡集。
  • 一個平衡集合笛卡兒積在對應的向量空間(相同的域K上)的積空間是平衡的。
  • 考慮複數域ℂ為一維向量空間,平衡集為ℂ本身、空集和以0為中心的開圓盤與閉圓盤(設想複數為平面上的點)。反之,在二維歐幾里得空間內有更多平衡集,例如任何以(0,0)為中點的線段。因此,ℂ和ℝ2在向量空間結構上是完全不同的。
  • 若p是線性空間X上的半範數,對於任何常數c>0,集合{x ∈ X | p(x)≤c}是平衡的。

性質

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  • 平衡集的併集交集是平衡集。
  • 平衡集的閉包是平衡集。
  • 根據定義(非性質),一個集合是絕對凸集若且唯若它是和平衡。
  • 所有平衡集都是對稱集

參見

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參考文獻

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平衡集
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