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叔丁基锂

叔丁基锂
IUPAC名
tert-Butyllithium[來源請求]
别名 tert-丁基锂、t-丁基锂
识别
CAS号 594-19-4  checkY
PubChem 638178
ChemSpider 10254347
SMILES
 
  • [Li]C(C)(C)C
Beilstein 3587204
UN编号 3394
EINECS 209-831-5
性质
化学式 LiC
4
H
9
摩尔质量 64.055 g·mol⁻¹
外观 无色固体
密度 0.66 g/cm3
沸点 36-40 °C(309-313 K)
溶解性 分解
pKa 45–53
危险性
GHS危险性符号
《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中易燃物的标签图案 《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中腐蚀性物质的标签图案 《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中有害物质的标签图案 《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中对人体有害物质的标签图案 《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中对环境有害物质的标签图案
GHS提示词 危险
H-术语 H225, H250, H260, H300, H304, H310, H314, H330, H336, H411
P-术语 P210, P222, P223, P231+232, P370+378, P422
NFPA 704
4
4
4
 
相关物质
相关化学品 正丁基锂
仲丁基锂
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

叔丁基锂化学式(CH3)3CLi),也称t-丁基锂,是一个有机锂化合物,是有机合成中的超强。以簇合物存在,可以拔去很多碳氢化合物的氢,包括

叔丁基锂高度易燃,可在空气中自燃,储存时必须以干燥氮气保护,使用时也必须非常小心。

化学性质

[编辑]

叔丁基锂中C-Li键高度极化,具有以下共振式,可作碳负离子源:[1]

叔丁基锂比正丁基锂碱性更强,主要用于脱去有机化合物的活性氢,如的α位。例如,室温下叔丁基锂可使四氢呋喃在数分钟内分解:

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ K. P. C. Vollhardt, N. E. Schore: Organische Chemie. 3. Auflage. Wiley-VCH, 2005, ISBN 978-3527298198
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叔丁基锂
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