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伽玛分布

Gamma
概率密度函數
Probability density plots of gamma distributions
累積分布函數
Cumulative distribution plots of gamma distributions
参数 shape (real)
scale (real)
值域
概率密度函数
累積分布函數
期望值
中位數 no simple closed form
眾數 for
方差
偏度
峰度

矩生成函数 for
特徵函数

伽玛分布(英語:Gamma distribution)是統計學的一種連續機率分布。伽玛分佈中的母數α,稱為形狀参数,β稱為尺度参数。

實驗定義與觀念

假设X1, X2, ... Xn 为连续发生事件的等候时间,且这n次等候时间为独立的,那么这n次等候时间之和Y (Y=X1+X2+...+Xn)服从伽玛分布,即 Y~Gamma(α , β),亦可記作Y~Gamma(α , λ),其中α = n,而 β 與λ互為倒數關係,λ 表單位時間內事件的發生率。

指数分布為α = 1的伽瑪分布。

記號

有兩種表記方法:

兩者所表達意義相同,只要將以下式子做的替換即可,即,其機率密度函數為:

x > 0


其中Gamma函数之特徵為:

特性

母函數、期望值、變異數

Gamma的可加性

當兩隨機變數服從Gamma分布,且相互獨立,且母數)相同時,Gamma分布具有可加性。

外部連結

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伽玛分布
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