运载体
运载体（vector）又称载体，即基因工程载体，此处是指基因或分子的选殖（克隆）载体，是可作携带外来遗传物质进入另一细胞的媒介DNA或RNA[1]分子，且能复制和/或表现。含有外源DNA的载体，称为重组DNA。
四种主要类型的载体是：质粒，病毒载体（例如λ噬菌体），黏质体，和人工染色体。最常用的载体是质粒[2]。所有遗传工程化的载体，共同点是具有复制起点，多克隆位点和可选择的标记。
将载体插入靶细胞通常称为细菌细胞的转化(Transformation)[3]，真核细胞的转染(Transfection)[4]，尽管病毒载体的插入通常称为转导(Transduction)[5]。
参考文献
- ^ Schott JW, Morgan M, Galla M, Schambach A. Viral and Synthetic RNA Vector Technologies and Applications. Mol Ther. 2016 Sep;24(9):1513-27. doi: 10.1038/mt.2016.143. Epub 2016 Jul 5. PMID 27377044; PMCID: PMC5113109.
- ^ Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, Matsudaira P, Baltimore D, Darnell J. DNA Cloning with Plasmid Vectors. Molecular Cell Biology 4th. New York: W. H. Freeman. 2000 [2019-02-25]. （原始内容存档于2009-05-27）.
- ^ Johnston C, Martin B, Fichant G, Polard P, Claverys JP. Bacterial transformation: distribution, shared mechanisms and divergent control. Nature Reviews. Microbiology. March 2014, 12 (3): 181–96. PMID 24509783. doi:10.1038/nrmicro3199.
- ^ MeSH Browser. meshb.nlm.nih.gov. [2018-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09） （英语）.
- ^ Hartl DL, Jones EW. Genetics: principles and analysis 4th. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. 1998. ISBN 978-0-7637-0489-6. OCLC 45730915.
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