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天龙座BY型变星

天龙座BY型变星通常属于晚期的K或M型主序星变星。 这个名称来自这种变星的原型:天龙座BY。由于表面的星斑恒星的自转,和色球层上的其它活动,使它们展现出光度上的变化[1]。天龙座BY型变星的亮度波动一般小于0.5视星等光变曲线周期接近恒星的平均自转周期,被称为准周期性英语Quasiperiodicity。在周期内的光变曲线是不规则的,并且从一个周期到下一个周期,在形状上略有变化。对天龙座BY,周期大约是一个月,而形状保持相似[1]

邻近的K和M型的天龙座BY型变星包括巴纳德星卡普坦星天鹅座61罗斯248拉卡伊8760拉兰德21185鲁坦726-8。罗斯248 是被发现的第一颗天龙座BY型变星,杰拉尔德寇伦在1950年辨识出它的变异。天龙座BY本身的变异在1966年才被发现,Sugainov在1973-1976年间对它进行了详细的研究[2]

比太阳明亮的南河三,光谱类型为F5 IV/V,也被宣称是天龙座BY型变星[3]。南河三有两点异于平常:它正在移出主序星进入次巨星阶段;它的核聚变反应介于PP燃烧CNO燃烧,这意味着它的中间有对流层和非对流层。而任何一个理由都可以大于正常的星斑

有些天龙座BY型变星会出现闪光,而成为另一型变星:鲸鱼座UV型变星[4]。同样的,天龙座BY型变星的光谱(特别是H和K线)类似于猎犬座RS型变星,这是另一种有着活跃色球层活动的变星[5]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Lopez-Morales, Mercedes; Morrell, N. I.; Butler, R. P.; Seager, S., Limits to Transits of the Neptune-mass planet orbiting Gl 581, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2006, 118 (849): 1506, Bibcode:2006PASP..118.1506L, arXiv:astro-ph/0609255可免费查阅, doi:10.1086/508904, BY Draconis variable. This type of variable is characterized by quasiperiodic photometric variations over time scales from less than a day to months, and amplitudes ranging from a few hundredths of a magnitude to 0.5 mags. 
  2. ^ Hoffmeister; et al, Veranderliche Stern, Springer, 1984 
  3. ^ Schaaf, The Brightest Stars, Wiley, 2008 
  4. ^ Schrijver, Carolus J.; Zwaan, Cornelis, Solar and stellar magnetic activity, Cambridge astrophysics series 34, Cambridge University Press: 343, 2000 [2018-06-20], ISBN 0-521-58286-5, (原始内容存档于2021-02-14) 
  5. ^ Jaschek, Carlos; Jaschek, Mercedes, The Classification of Stars, Cambridge University Press: 374, 1990 [2018-06-20], ISBN 0-521-38996-8, (原始内容存档于2021-02-14) 

进阶读物

  • Samus N.N., Durlevich O.V., et al. Combined General Catalog of Variable Stars (GCVS4.2, 2004 Ed.)
  • Schaaf, Fred, The Brightest Stars, Wiley, 2008
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天龙座BY型变星
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