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Koolstofmonoksied

Eienskappe

Algemeen

Naam Koolstofmonoksied
Struktuurformule van
Struktuurformule van
Chemiese formule CO
Molêre massa 28 [g/mol]
CAS-nommer 630-08-0[1]  
Voorkoms Kleurlose gas  
Reuk Reukloos
Fasegedrag  
Fase α-CO 
Selkonstantes 563pm[2]  
Ruimtegroep P21/c 
Nommer 198  
Strukturbericht B21
Smeltpunt -201,1 °C[1]
Kookpunt -191,5 °C[1]
Digtheid 1,2501 [kg/m3] (@0 °C)[1]
Oplosbaarheid  
Kritieke druk 3499 kPa[1] 
Henry se konstante 9,16 x 10-4 [L/mol.Atm]; 1400 [K] [3]

Suur-basis eienskappe

pKa

Veiligheid

Flitspunt
Selfontbrandingspunt 605 °C[1]

Tensy anders vermeld is alle data vir standaardtemperatuur en -druk toestande.

 
Portaal Chemie

Koolstofmonoksied (CO) is 'n kleurlose, reuklose en smaaklose gas wat effens minder dig as lug is. Die gas is toksies vir mense as dit voorkom in konsentrasies wat groter is as 35 dele per miljoen (dpm). Koolstofmonoksied word vervaardig tydens die verbrandingsproses van binnebrandenjins. Daar gebeur steeds ongelukke daarmee soos wanneer 'n petrolopwekker in 'n klein ruimte gebruik word om stroom op te wek.[4]

Chemiese eienskappe

Koolstofmonoksied is 'n reduseermiddel. Dit kan bv. koper(II)oksied na koper reduseer:[5]

Verhitting van koolstofmonoksied met swaeldamp kan karbonielsulfied produseer:[6]

Met chloor kan òf met lig òf met 'n katalisator fosgeen gevorm word:[7]

Metaalkarboniele

Koolstofmonoksied kan met metale karbonielverbindings vorm soos nikkeltetrakarboniel Ni(CO)4, ysterpentakarboniel Fe(CO)5 of chroomheksakarboniel Cr(CO)6. [8]Dit is verbindings van die metale in hulle oksidasietoestand nul. Hulle is molekulêre verbindings met lae smeltpunte. Die reaksie met nikkel verloop reeds teen temperature soos 50° C en nikkel is daarom nie geskik vir gebruik met gasse was CO bevat nie.

Nikkeltetrakarboniel is baie toksies, maar dit kan gebruik word om nikkel te suiwer.

Sien ook

Verwysings

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 "MSDS Praxair" (PDF) (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf die oorspronklike (PDF) op 22 Maart 2016.
  2. "α-CO (B21) Structure: AB_cP8_198_a_a-001". Aflow.
  3. Sander.
  4. "Tieners dalk deur gifgasse oorval". Son. 2022.
  5. A.L.W. de Gee (1947). Scheikunde voor het middelbaar en gymnasiaal onderwijs. Wolters.
  6. A.F. Holleman (1922). Leerboek der organische chemie. Wolters.
  7. Phosgene: And Related Carbonyl Halides Deel 24 van Topics in Inorganic and General Chemistry T.A. Ryan, E.A. Seddon, K.R. Seddon, C. Ryan, Elsevier, 1996, ISBN 0080538800, ISBN 9780080538808
  8. Dario Braga, Fabrizia Grepioni, and A. Guy (1993). "Nickel carbonyl [Ni(CO)4] and iron carbonyl [Fe(CO)5]: molecular structures in the solid state". Organometallics. 12 (4): 1481–1483. doi:10.1021/om00028a082.((cite journal)): AS1-onderhoud: gebruik authors-parameter (link)
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Koolstofmonoksied
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