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硫氰酸

硫氰酸
IUPAC名
硫氰酸
识别
CAS号 463-56-9  checkY
ChemSpider 760
Gmelin 25178
3DMet B00344
EINECS 207-337-4
ChEBI 29200
KEGG C01755
MeSH thiocyanic+acid
性质
化学式 HSCN
摩尔质量 59.09 g·mol⁻¹
外观 无色易挥发液体
密度 2.04 g cm-3
熔点 5 ˚C
沸点 分解
溶解性 易溶于水
危险性
警示术语 R:R20/21/22-R32-R52/53
安全术语 S:S2-S13-S61
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

硫氰酸化学式:HSCN)是硫氰的氢,与异硫氰酸(HNCS)互为异构体。硫氰酸可由硫氰酸钡硫酸反应制得:

Ba(SCN)2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4↓ + 2 HSCN

硫氰酸是无色的、极易挥发的液体,在常温下迅速分解。它在-90°C左右或5%的稀溶液中是稳定的。它易溶于水,水溶液为中强酸,在20℃时pKa=1.1[1] 。它的盐(硫氰酸盐)很容易制得,也很稳定。

参见

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参考文献

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  • 《无机化学丛书》编委会. 《无机化学丛书》第五卷. 北京:科学出版社.
  1. ^ Martell, A. E.; Smith, R. M.; Motelaitis, R. J. NIST Database 46. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2001. 
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硫氰酸
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