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丁二腈

丁二腈
Ball and stick model of succinonitrile
Spacefill model of succinonitrile
IUPAC名
Butanedinitrile[1]
英文名 succinonitrile
butanedinitrile
别名 琥珀腈
识别
CAS号 110-61-2  checkY
PubChem 8062
ChemSpider 21106481
SMILES
 
  • N#CCCC#N
Beilstein 1098380
EINECS 203-783-9
RTECS WN3850000
MeSH succinonitrile
性质
化学式 C4H4N2
摩尔质量 80.09 g·mol−1
外观 无色、蜡状晶体
氣味 无味[2]
密度 985 mg mL−1
熔点 325—335 K(52—62 °C)
沸点 539.2 K(266.1 °C)
溶解性 130 g L−1
蒸氣壓 300 Pa (at 100 °C)
热力学
ΔfHm298K 139.3–140.4 kJ mol−1
ΔcHm −2.2848–−2.2860 MJ mol−1
S298K 191.59 J K−1 mol−1
热容 145.60 J K−1 mol−1
危险性
GHS危险性符号
《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中有害物质的标签图案
GHS提示词 警告
H-术语 H302, H315, H319, H335
P-术语 P261, P305+351+338
PEL none[2]
致死量或浓度:
LD50中位剂量
450 mg kg−1 (oral, rat)
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

丁二腈是一种,化学式为C2H4(CN)2。它是无色固体,在57 °C(330 K)熔化。

制备与性质

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丁二腈可以由丙烯腈氰化氢加成反应制备[3],反应的催化剂可以选用三乙胺[4]

CH2=CHCN + HCN → NCCH2CH2CN

丁二腈的氢化反应可以生成丁二胺

用途

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丁二腈添加至含锂电解液中,可以增加电解液的性能。[5]

参考文献

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  1. ^ succinonitrile - Compound Summary. PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Identification. 26 March 2005 [14 June 2012]. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. #0573. NIOSH. 
  3. ^ Nitriles. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 7th. [2007-09-10]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-10). 
  4. ^ 彭艳丽, 郭翠红, 陈银霞,等. 丁二腈合成研究[J]. 山东化工, 2015(7):29-30.
  5. ^ 张春丽, 叶学海, 任春燕. 丁二腈作为电解液添加剂的研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2015, 47(4):65-67.

参见

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丁二腈
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