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丙酮氰醇

2-羟基-2-甲基丙腈[1]
IUPAC名
2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile
别名 丙酮氰醇
2-羟基异丁腈
α-羟基异丁腈
2-甲基-2-羟基丙腈
氰丙醇
丙酮合氰化氢
识别
CAS号 75-86-5  checkY
PubChem 6406
ChemSpider 6166
SMILES
 
  • CC(C)(O)C#N
Beilstein 605391
3DMet B00479
UN编号 1541
EINECS 200-909-4
ChEBI 15348
RTECS OD9275000
DrugBank DB02203
KEGG C02659
MeSH acetone+cyanohydrin
性质
化学式 C4H7NO
摩尔质量 85.105 g·mol⁻¹
外观 无色至微黄色液体
密度 0.932 g/cm3
熔点 −19 °C
沸点 95 °C
溶解性 可溶
蒸氣壓 1.1 hPa (20 °C)
折光度n
D
1.40002 (19 °C)
危险性
MSDS Fisher MSDS
欧盟编号 608-004-00-X
欧盟分类 剧毒(T+
对环境有害(N
NFPA 704
1
4
2
 
致死量或浓度:
LD50中位剂量
18.65 mg·kg−1 (大鼠经口)[2]
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

丙酮氰醇,学名2-羟基-2-甲基丙腈。

性质

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无色液体,易溶于水和一般常用溶剂,不溶于石油醚二硫化碳。因能分解为丙酮氢氰酸,故不宜蒸馏。有中等毒性和刺激性。[3]

制取

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可通过丙酮氰化钠加成然后酸化得到:[4]


用途

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用于有机合成

参考资料

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  1. ^ Record of Acetoncyanhydrin in the GESTIS Substance Database from the IFA英语Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. ^ CID 6406 from PubChem
  3. ^ 试剂手册,页7
  4. ^ "Acetone Cyanohydrin". Org. Synth.; Coll. Vol. 2: 7. 
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丙酮氰醇
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