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集合范畴

范畴论这个数学领域中,集合范畴(标记为 Set)是一个对象为集合范畴。集合 AB 之间的态射族包含所有从 A 映射至 B函数

集合范畴是许多其他范畴(如其态射为群同态群范畴)的基础,这些范畴均是在集合范畴的对象上附加其他结构,并限制其态射为特定函数而成。

证明集合范畴为范畴

已知一数学对象具有对象及态射,若该数学对象存在一态射复合,满足结合律,且具单位态射的话,则此数学对象为一范畴。

对任意三对象ABC,取任意两函数f∈hom(A,B) 及g∈hom(B,C),可知其函数复合g o f 为由A 映射至C 的函数,故g o f∈hom(A,C)。 因此,此集合范畴之函数复合为态射复合。

函数复合满足结合律,且具单位函数,因此集合范畴为一范畴。

性质

由于罗素悖论,即所有集合的全体不能作为一个集合而存在,Set的对象为一真类。故Set为大范畴。

Set的满态射为满射函数单态射单射函数同构态射双射函数

Set始对象空集终对象为任意单元素集合Set零对象

Set完全和上完全范畴Set为集合的笛卡儿积上积为不相交并:给定一组集合 AiiI),其上积可构造为Ai×{i}的并集。这里与{i}的笛卡儿积保证了各集合不相交。

Set具体范畴的原型;任何具体范畴均在某些方面类似Set

Set中任意一个二元素集合是一分类子。集合A的幂对象为其幂集。从AB的指数对象为从AB函数的集合。因此,Set为一拓扑斯 (且为笛卡儿闭)。

Set既非阿贝尔范畴,也非加法范畴预加性范畴Set零态射

任一Set的非始对象为单射对象,也为投射对象

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集合范畴
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