For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 天枢.

天枢

天枢(大熊座α)
天枢的位置(红圈)
观测资料
历元 J2000
星座 大熊座
星官 北斗紫微垣
赤经 11h 03m 43.67152s[1]
赤纬 +61° 45′ 03.7249″[1]
视星等(V) 1.79[2]
特性
光谱分类K0III[3] + F0V[4]
U−B 色指数+0.93[2]
B−V 色指数+1.07[2]
变星类型疑似[5]
天体测定
径向速度 (Rv)–9[6] km/s
自行 (μ) 赤经:–134.11[1] mas/yr
赤纬:–34.70[1] mas/yr
视差 (π)26.54 ± 0.48[1] mas
距离123 ± 2 ly
(37.7 ± 0.7 pc)
绝对星等 (MV)–1.10 ± 0.04[7]
轨道[4]
伴星天枢B
绕行周期 (P)44.4 yr
半长轴 (a)0.603"
偏心率 (e)0.4
倾斜角 (i)180°
升交点黄经 (Ω)2000°
近心点 历元 (T)1958.000
详细资料
α UMa A
质量4.25[3] M
表面重力 (log g)2.46[8]
亮度316[3] L
温度4,660[8] K
金属量 [Fe/H]–0.20 ± 0.07[8] dex
自转速度 (v sin i)2.6 ± 1.0[7] km/s
α UMa B
质量~1.6[3] M
其他命名
Dubhe、Ak、大熊座α、α UMa、Alpha UMa、 大熊座50BD+62°1161、CCDMJ11037+6145AB、FK5417、GC15185、HD95689、HIP54061、HR4301、PPM17705、SAO15384、WDS J11037+6145AB[9]
参考数据库
SIMBAD资料

天枢拉丁文α Ursae Majoris,缩写为Alpha UMaα UMa,英语为Dubhe/ˈdʌb/[10][11]),虽然它只是大熊座这个星座的第二亮星,但因为是星群北斗七星之首,所以在拜耳命名法中被命名为α星。

恒星系统

[编辑]
Dubhe A & B
天枢A和微弱的伴星是一对联星

天枢是寻找北极的著名指标星群北斗七星(也称为犁)的第一颗星,它与第二颗星天璇的连线指向北极星

天枢距离太阳大约123光年。它是光谱联星,两颗星分别是天枢A和天枢B,较亮的天枢A是主星,在演化上是已经耗尽核心的而离开主序带巨星光谱为K0IIIa。伴星,天枢B是一颗主序星,光谱为F0V。两颗星在轨道上的平均距离约23天文单位,完成一次轨道的周期为44.4年[4]

在距离8弧分远处还有另一对视星等为7等的光谱联星,光谱类型为F8。它在星表上的名称是HD 95638,但有时被称为天枢C[4]

曾有报导宣称天枢有千分之一星等的光度变化,并且已检测到10种周期介于6.4小时和6.4天的迳向变化模式[12]

虽然它是大熊座的一颗星,但它不是在太空中有着共同运动的大熊座移动星群成员[13]

语源

[编辑]

α Ursae Majoris(拉丁文是Alpha Ursae Majoris)是天枢以拜耳命名法命名的名称。

它的传统名称是DubheAk。Dubhe源自阿拉伯文,意思是 dubb,来自短语ظهر الدب الاكبر żahr ad-dubb al-akbar 大熊的背部。罕用的AK出自埃及,意思是眼睛[14]。在2016年,国际天文学联合会组织了IAU恒星名称工作组(WGSN)[15]对恒星的正确名称进行编目和标准化,决定将传统的名称只赋予单独的恒星,而不是整个恒星系统。WGSN 2016年7月的第一份公告[16]包括由WGSN批准的前两批名称的表,确认Dubhe是专属于天枢A的名字。

印度称天枢为克拉图英语Kratu,是神话中的七仙人之一[14]

中国,北斗(Běi Dǒu)的意思是北方的勺子,相当于北斗七星这个星群。因此,中国也称天枢(天之枢纽星)为北斗一:北斗七星的第一颗星[17]

其他文化

[编辑]

天枢在术数中,称之为“贪狼”,《五行大义》引《黄帝斗图》“一名贪狼,子生人所属”,《北斗七星延命经》:“南无贪狼星。是东方最胜世界运意通证如来佛。”《北斗治法武威经》云:“第一天枢,名魁[18],字贪狼。”

天枢是犹他州的官方恒星[19]

美国海军的一艘舰艇USS Dubhe (ID-2562)英语List of United States Navy ships,和丹麦国民警卫队的海军军舰MHV806英语List of active Royal Danish Navy ships都以天枢为名,命名为杜布赫号(Dubhe)。

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 van Leeuwen, F. Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2007-11, 474 (2): 653–664 [2020-10-14]. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. ISSN 0004-6361. arXiv:0708.1752可免费查阅. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. (原始内容存档于2020-07-23). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Johnson, H. L.; Mitchell, R. I.; Iriarte, B.; Wisniewski, W. Z. UBVRIJKL Photometry of the Bright Stars. Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory. 1966, 4: 99–110 [2020-10-14]. Bibcode:1966CoLPL...4...99J. (原始内容存档于2020-10-13) (英语). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Guenther, D. B.; Demarque, P.; Buzasi, D.; Catanzarite, J.; Laher, R.; Conrow, T.; Kreidl, T. Evolutionary Model and Oscillation Frequencies for α Ursae Majoris: A Comparison with Observations. The Astrophysical Journal. 2000-02-10, 530 (1): L45–L48 [2020-10-14]. Bibcode:2000ApJ...530L..45G. PMID 10642202. doi:10.1086/312473. (原始内容存档于2022-02-16). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Tokovinin, A. A. MSC - a catalogue of physical multiple stars. Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 1997-07, 124 (1): 75–84 [2020-10-14]. Bibcode:1997A&AS..124...75T. ISSN 0365-0138. doi:10.1051/aas:1997181. (原始内容存档于2021-03-24). 
  5. ^ Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013). VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 2009, 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S. 
  6. ^ Wilson, Ralph Elmer. General catalogue of stellar radial velocities.. Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication. 1953: 0 [2020-10-14]. Bibcode:1953GCRV..C......0W. (原始内容存档于2018-10-05) (英语). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Carney, Bruce W.; Gray, David F.; Yong, David; Latham, David W.; Manset, Nadine; Zelman, Rachel; Laird, John B. ROTATION AND MACROTURBULENCE IN METAL-POOR FIELD RED GIANT AND RED HORIZONTAL BRANCH STARS. The Astronomical Journal. 2008-03-01, 135 (3): 892–906 [2020-10-14]. Bibcode:2008AJ....135..892C. ISSN 0004-6256. arXiv:0711.4984可免费查阅. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/3/892. (原始内容存档于2020-10-20). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 McWilliam, Andrew. High-resolution spectroscopic survey of 671 GK giants. I - Stellar atmosphere parameters and abundances. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 1990-12, 74: 1075 [2020-10-14]. Bibcode:1990ApJS...74.1075M. ISSN 0067-0049. doi:10.1086/191527. (原始内容存档于2019-09-11) (英语). 
  9. ^ DUBHE -- Spectroscopic binary, SIMBAD (Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg), [2011-12-23], (原始内容存档于2019-12-11) 
  10. ^ Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim. A dictionary of modern star names: a short guide to 254 star names and their derivations. Cambridge, Mass.: Sky Pub. Corp. 2006 [2020-10-14]. ISBN 978-1-931559-44-7. OCLC 70775754. (原始内容存档于2019-06-29) (英语). 
  11. ^ IAU Catalog of Star Names. [2016-07-28]. (原始内容存档于2018-07-07). 
  12. ^ Buzasi, D.; Catanzarite, J.; Laher, R.; Conrow, T.; Shupe, D.; Gautier III, T. N.; Kreidl, T.; Everett, D. The Detection of Multimodal Oscillations on α Ursae Majoris. The Astrophysical Journal. 2000-04-01, 532 (2): L133–L136. Bibcode:2000ApJ...532L.133B. PMID 10715242. arXiv:astro-ph/0002512可免费查阅. doi:10.1086/312573. 
  13. ^ Motz, Lloyd. The constellations: An Enthusiast's Guide To The Night Sky. Doubleday. 1988: 39. ISBN 978-0-385-17600-2. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Richard Hinckley Allen. Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning. Dover Publications. 1963: 438. ISBN 978-0-486-21079-7. 
  15. ^ IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN). [2016-05-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-05-13). 
  16. ^ Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1 (PDF). [2016-07-28]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-04-17). 
  17. ^ Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy. aeea.nmns.edu.tw. [2020-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2014-11-02). 
  18. ^ “魁”字的解释. 汉典. [2020-10-14] (中文(中国大陆)). 
  19. ^ Pioneer - Utah State Starl - Dubhe. onlinelibrary.utah.gov. [2019-11-25]. (原始内容存档于2019-02-08). 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
天枢
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?