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虚假陈述

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虚假陈述是在蓄意或不为意的情况下作出的不实陈述。有时虚假陈述也被称作谬论(特别是在辩论时),但更多的情况下是一个法律用语,意思是在正式(有法律效力)的文书上提供虚假的资讯。

虚假陈述不一定就是谎言。谎言是蓄意作出的不实陈述,意图误导他人。虚假陈述也是不实的陈述,但不必然是为了误导人而作出,也包含在不知它是虚假的情况下作出的陈述。

虚假陈述的例子

  • 蓄意误导而作出的虚假陈述(谎言):身为海洋生物学家的陈大文告诉李小武海獭的一种,意图使他的考试不及格。
  • 因无知而作出的虚假陈述:李小武在考试中陈述海獭是鱼的一种,结果考试不及格。李小武的陈述是不实的,但他自己并不知道,只是因为身为海洋生物学家的陈大文告诉他如此,他才这样认为的。

法律

在一些司法管辖区,作出虚假陈述是一种刑事罪行,与宣誓下作假证供相似。

参阅

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虚假陈述
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