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稳固要约.
稳固要约(英语:Firm offer)是一种英美法系的专有概念,指的是于特定情况下,由契约当事人之一方所提出的要约是不可撤销的。通常而言,英美法系中的所有要约均得于受要约人承诺该要约前任何时候撤销之,即使是那些明示其为不可撤销的要约亦同;但是英美法中的“商人稳固要约条款”却是这一原则的重要例外。以下条文即为该例外的具体示例:[1]
美国《统一商法典》第2-205条“稳固要约”:
由商人提出买入或卖出货物之要约以书面作成,并经要约人签名于其上,且该书面要约之条款明示保证其要约于约定期限内,或未定期限但定有以合理期间为期限且该期间不逾三个月内不可撤销者,为稳固要约,要约人不得任意撤销之。前项保证条款由受要约人提出者,应经要约人分别于条款上签名,始生效力。
注意:不可撤销期间经过后,该要约于要约人或受要约人依要约失效之规定撤回或拒绝前,仍属有效。
根据美国《统一商法典》第2-205条的规定,下列情况中所提出之要约为稳固要约且不可任意撤销之:
- 要约内容系为买入或卖出货物者
- 要约系由商人提出者
- 要约经书面作成并签名者
参考资料
- ^ Uniform Commercial Code - § 2-205.. [2016-08-01]. (原始内容存档于2012-07-13).
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