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离散盘

离散盘天体 (英语:scattered disc objects,SDO),是海外天体trans-Neptunian objects,TNO)中动力学寿命较短的一类天体。它们因为受到海王星的引力散射而分布在范围更广阔的太阳系外缘空间。离散盘最内侧的部分与经典柯伊伯带天体重叠,但它的外缘向外伸展并比一般的柯伊伯带天体更加远离黄道面

形成

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阋神星,已知最大的离散盘天体,和它的卫星阋卫一(迪丝诺美亚,中央偏左的小光点)

我们对离散盘的所知非常有限,虽然天文学的主流观点认为它是太阳系形成的早期过程中,因为海王星向外迁徙造成的引力扰动才被从柯伊伯带散射入高倾斜和高离心率的轨道内。相比之下,柯伊伯带像是一个相对“圆”和“平坦”的甜甜圈,以平和的圆轨道(经典柯伊伯带天体)和略为椭圆的共振轨道(类冥天体),将天体约束在30至44 AU的圆环内;离散盘天体的轨道环境就比较怪异了。离散盘天体,就以矮行星阋神星为例,在垂直黄道方向上的距离几乎和平行方向上与太阳的距离一样远;轨道模拟也显示离散盘天体的轨道是怪异且不稳定的,并且最终会从太阳的核心区域抛至奥尔特云甚至更遥远的地方。

有些迹象显示半人马群只是单纯的从柯伊伯带被向内抛射,而不是向外抛射的天体,可以称为“内海王星天体”(cis-Neptunian object)。事实上,有些天体,像是1999 TD10已经模糊了这些观点,因此小行星中心已经将离散盘天体和半人马群一并列表。[1]依据这已经混淆不清的范畴,有些科学家已经改用“离散柯伊伯带天体”(scattered Kuiper belt object,SKBO)来涵盖或统称半人马群和离散盘内的天体。

虽然海外天体赛德娜在官方的小行星中心被认定是一颗离散盘天体,但发现者米高·布朗因为它的近日点距离远达76 AU,不太会受到行星的引力扰动影响,因此认为他应该是奥尔特云内侧的天体,而不该是颗离散盘天体。[2]

参考资料

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  1. ^ List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) at the IAU: Minor Planet Center
  2. ^ Sedna (2003 VB12). web.gps.caltech.edu. [2022-04-08]. (原始内容存档于2022-05-26). 

相关条目

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外部链接

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离散盘
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