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楚灭蔡之战

楚灭蔡之战楚国灭亡蔡国的战争。

楚国曾经两次灭亡蔡国的社稷。楚国从长江流域向中原地区扩张,蔡国作为周朝姬姓诸侯,沦为楚国的附庸。

第一次楚灭蔡之战发生在前531年(周景王十四年、楚灵王十年、蔡灵侯十二年、鲁昭公十一年)冬十一月。前531年二月,楚灵王在申地以重礼邀请蔡灵侯。三月,在申地逮捕蔡灵侯。四月,将蔡灵侯杀死。楚灵王派弟弟公子弃疾率军围攻蔡国。秋,晋国韩起鲁国季孙意如齐国国弱宋国华亥卫国北宫佗郑国罕虎曹国杞国在厥慭会盟,计划救援蔡国。十一月丁酉,楚师灭蔡,俘获蔡世子友,将他杀死祭祀。把蔡国作为楚国的县,以公子弃疾为蔡公。前529年,楚国内乱,楚灵王被杀后,蔡国复国,世子友的儿子公孙庐即位为蔡平侯[1]

楚国没有将蔡国所有领土归还,蔡国被迫由上蔡迁都新蔡柏举之战时,蔡国联合吴国攻打楚国。楚国复国后,蔡国为了避免楚国的侵攻,在吴国的帮助下迁移到了州来,称之为下蔡越国灭亡吴国后,蔡国又丧失了大国的保障。

第二次楚灭蔡之战发生在前447年(周贞定王二十二年、楚惠王四十二年、蔡侯齐四年),楚国向东部扩张,攻克下蔡,蔡侯齐出逃,蔡国灭亡。楚国随后进一步东扩,灭掉了山东地区的杞国和莒国[2]

注释

  1. ^ 春秋左氏传 昭公
  2. ^ 史记·楚世家》

参见

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楚灭蔡之战
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