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建始 (慕容详).
建始（397年五月—七月）是十六国时期后燕君主慕容详的年号，共计三个月，也是后燕的第四个年号。[1]
397年，北魏君主，魏王拓跋珪率领魏军围攻后燕首都中山，慕容宝率领部下出逃龙城，依然使用永康年号至398年。魏军退却后，后燕贵族慕容详即皇帝位，改元建始。后来慕容详被杀，另一贵族—赵王慕容麟自立，改元延平。
参考文献
- ^ 李崇智，《中国历代年号考》，第42页。
- ^ 房玄龄.
晉書載記第二十四慕容寶. 维基文库. “详僭称尊号，置百官，改年号。荒酒奢淫，杀戮无度，诛其王公以下五百余人，内外震局，莫敢忤视。城中大饥，公卿饿死者数十人。麟率丁零之众入中山，斩详及其亲党三百余人，复僭称尊号。”
- ^ 李昉. 太平御覽偏霸部九. 维基文库. “〔永康〕二年正月，魏使修和，宝不许。二月，魏攻中山。其夜，尚书慕容皓谋杀宝，立赵王麟。宝与太子荣等万骑就清河王公于蓟，以开封公慕容详守中山。五月，详遂僭称尊号。九月，赵王麟率众入中山杀详，麟复僭尊号。”
- ^ 司马光. 資治通鑑晉紀三十一. 维基文库. “〔隆安元年五月〕慕容详自谓能却魏兵，威德已振，乃即皇帝位，改元建始，置百官。……秋，七月，慕容详杀可足浑潭。详嗜酒奢淫，不恤士民，刑杀无度，所诛王公以下五百余人，群下离心。城中饥窘，详不听民出采稆，死者相枕，举城皆谋迎赵王麟。详遣辅国将军张骧帅五千余人督租于常山，麟自丁零入骧军，潜袭中山，城门不闭，执详，斩之。麟遂称尊号，听人四出采稆。”
深入阅读
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| | 晋朝 | | 西晋 |
泰始265-274 → 咸宁275-280 → 太康280-289 → 太熙290 → 永熙290 → 永平291 → 元康291-299 → 永康300-301 → 永宁301-302 → 太安302-303 → 永安304 → 建武304 → 永安304 → 永兴304-306 → 光熙306 → 永嘉307-313 → 建兴313-316
|
|---|
| | 东晋 |
建武317-318 → 大兴318-321 → 永昌322-323 → 太宁323-326 → 咸和326-334 → 咸康335-342 → 建元343-344 → 永和345-356 → 升平357-362 → 隆和362-363 → 兴宁363-365 → 太和366-371 → 咸安371-372 → 宁康373-375 → 太元376-396 → 隆安397-401 → 元兴402 → 隆安402 → 大亨402 → 元兴404 → 义熙405-418 → 元熙419-420
|
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|
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| | 五胡十六国 | | 前赵 |
元熙304-308 → 永凤308-309 → 河瑞309-310 → 光兴310-311 → 嘉平311-315 → 建元315-316 → 麟嘉316-318 → 汉昌318 → 光初318-329
|
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| | 成汉 |
建初303-304 → 建兴304-306 → 晏平306-310 → 玉衡311-334 → 玉恒335-338 → 汉兴338-343 → 太和344-346 → 嘉宁346-347
|
|---|
| | 前凉 |
建兴317-353（西晋） → 和平354-355 → 建兴355-361（西晋） → 升平361-371 → 咸安372-376（东晋） · 凤凰386
|
|---|
| | 后赵 | |
|---|
| | 代 | |
|---|
| | 前燕 |
元玺352-357 → 光寿357-360 → 建熙360-370
|
|---|
| | 前秦 |
皇始351-355 → 寿光355-357 → 永兴357-359 → 甘露359-364 → 建元365-385 → 太安385-386 → 太初386-394 → 延初394
|
|---|
| | 后秦 |
白雀384-386 → 建初386-394 → 皇初394-399 → 弘始399-416 → 永和416-417
|
|---|
| | 后燕 |
燕元384-386 → 建兴386-396 → 永康396-398 → 建平398 → 长乐399-401 → 光始401-406 → 建始407
|
|---|
| | 西燕 | |
|---|
| | 西秦 |
建义385-388 → 太初388-400 → 更始409-412 → 永康412-419 → 建弘420-428 → 永弘428-431
|
|---|
| | 后凉 |
太安386-389（前秦） → 麟嘉389-396 → 龙飞396-399 → 咸宁399-401 → 神鼎401-403
|
|---|
| | 南凉 |
太初397-399 → 建和400-402 → 弘昌402-404 → 嘉平408-414
|
|---|
| | 南燕 | |
|---|
| | 西凉 |
庚子400-404 → 建初405-417 → 嘉兴417-420 → 永建420-421 · 龙兴422-442
|
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| | 夏 |
龙昇407-413 → 凤翔413-418 → 昌武418-419 → 真兴419-425 → 承光425-428 → 胜光428-431
|
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| | 北燕 |
正始407-409 → 太平409-430 → 太兴431-436
|
|---|
| | 北凉 |
神玺397-399 → 天玺399-401 → 永安401-412 → 玄始412-428 → 承玄428-431 → 义和431-433 → 承和433-437 → 建平437-439 · 承平443-460
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