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反棱柱

反棱柱
反棱柱
类别反柱体
均匀多面体
对偶多面体偏方面体
数学表示法
考克斯特符号
英语Coxeter-Dynkin diagram
node_h 2x node_h 2x n node 
node_h 2x node_h n node_h 
施莱夫利符号h0,1{2,2n}
s{2,n}
{ } ⨂ {n}
性质
顶点
欧拉特征数F=, E=, V= (χ=2)
组成与布局
面的种类2个n边形
2n个三角形
顶点布局
英语Vertex_configuration
3.3.3.n
对称性
对称群Dnd, [2+,2n], (2*n), order 4n
旋转对称群
英语Rotation_groups
Dn, [2,n]+, (22n), order 2n
特性
convex、semi-regular、 点可递
图像

偏方面体
对偶多面体

展开图
注:为底面边数 。
正五角反棱柱
正十七角反棱柱

反棱柱(Antiprism)是由两个相同边数多边形平行基底和侧面的三角形所组成的一个多面体。反棱柱对偶多面体偏方面体(Trapezohedron)。

性质

若一个反棱柱底面边数为n,则称为n角反棱柱,此时其具有2n+2个面、4n条边和2n个顶点。在其2n+2个面中,有两个n边形的底面和2n个三角形侧面。

若其底面为正多边形、高为h,则其表面积为:

[1]

正反棱柱

若一个反棱柱的所有面皆由正多边形组成,则称为正反棱柱。底面为正n边形的正反棱柱可以称为正反n角柱、正n角反角柱或正n角反棱柱,并且这种立体是半正多面体也是均匀多面体。正反棱柱由两个全等的正n边形底面和2n个正三角形侧面所组成,因此有2n+2个面(2底面和2n侧面)、4n条边和和2n个顶点。其2n个顶点对应的顶角全部相等,皆为1个正n边形和3个正三角形的公共顶点,在顶点图中可以用n.3.3.3来表示,对应的形状为鸢形,因此其对偶多面体为由鸢形组成的偏方面体。

性质

若一正n角反棱柱的边长为a,则其高为:

体积与表面积为:

例子

参见

外部链接

  1. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (编). Antiprism. at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. [2010-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-02) (英语). 
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反棱柱
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