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南京六部

南京六部,明朝的政治机构。明朝原本定都金陵应天府明成祖靖难夺位之后,决定回到根据地燕京,称北京,是为永乐迁都金陵改称南京,但依旧保留了陪都的地位。并设置吏、户、礼、兵、刑、工六部,称为南京六部,而南直隶(简称南直)的部分行政事务由南京六部兼管。

其实“南京吏部尚书”以及其他五尚书等职位,多半为虚衔。为参赞机务或涵养清望的闲职之所,重要性已无关政体本身[1]

各部职权

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  • 南京吏部:考核南京六部与南直隶地区的官吏,并有京察
  • 南京户部:征收南直隶,与浙江江西湖广三行省的布税食粮,并管理南直隶地区的户籍
  • 南京礼部:主要负责南直隶祭祀之事,尤其明太祖陵墓孝陵
  • 南京兵部:负责守备南直隶地区,由南京镇守太监(正式名称为南京守备太监)监军
  • 南京刑部:管理南直隶地区勋旧、官吏、民众的司法案件。
  • 南京工部:管理南直隶地区工程事宜,也铸造南直盐引

参考文献

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引用

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  1. ^ 明史》(卷111):“自洪武十三年始.成祖迁都,南京止设侍郎.仁宗乃有尚书、都御史而未备.备官自孝宗始.其权位重者曰参赞机务,宪宗后乃专属之兵部.然累世承平,履其任者,惟养清望而已,无关政本……”

来源

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南京六部
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