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顓頊曆

顓頊曆》是中国古代曆法古六曆的一种,屬於陰陽曆。測制年代或為秦獻公十九年(西元前366年)。秦國秦武王時期仍舊使用周曆[1],故秦國之顓頊曆實施時間當在秦昭王時期。至秦始皇一統天下後遍行,經秦朝西汉太初历制定(前104年)始棄[2][3]

顓頊曆採用十九年七閏法,1太陽年日(=365.25日)(四分法)、1朔望月日(≒29.53085日)。[4]

秦以夏曆十月为歲首(一年之始),輪至九月為年末。閏月置于年末九月之後为後九月,即歲末置閏法。比如秦昭王五十六年後九月,秦昭王去世。(《睡虎地秦墓竹簡·編年紀》)。秦二世二年,十二月陈胜被杀,九个月後的九月项梁被杀,一个月後後九月楚怀王宋义项羽救赵国。三个月後秦二世三年十二月巨鹿之战

秦二世在位時期为始皇帝避諱改正月为端月

文內注釋

  1. ^ 文物1982年第1期《四川省青川縣戰國墓發掘簡報》引秦牘「〔秦武王〕二年十一月己酉朔」
  2. ^ 白光琦. 顓頊曆三事考. 《自然科学史研究》2002年 第2期 10 页 179-188页. 
  3. ^ 雷宝, 詹石窗. 太岁系统差异形成考. 《华中师范大学学报:人文社会科学版》2010年 第1期 6 页 89-94页. 
  4. ^ 淮南子 天文訓 月日行十三度七十六分度之二十六,二十九日九百四十分日之四百九十九而為月,而以十二月為歲。歲有餘十日九百四十分日之八百二十七,故十九歲而七閏。
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顓頊曆
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