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蛋龙属

蛋龙属
化石时期:晚白垩世坎帕阶72.1 Ma
复原图英语Paleoart
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目: 蜥臀目 Saurischia
亚目: 獸腳亞目 Theropoda
科: 阿瓦拉慈龙科 Alvarezsauridae
亚科: 小驰龙亚科 Parvicursorinae
属: 蛋龙属 Ondogurvel
Averianov & Lopatin, 2022
模式種
阿氏蛋龙
Ondogurvel alifanovi

Averianov & Lopatin, 2022

蛋龙属名Ondogurvel國際音標:[ɒndɒɡurw̜iɮ],意为“蛋蜥蜴”)是蒙古南部晚白垩世坎帕阶西戈约特组的一属阿瓦拉慈龙科恐龙,模式种兼唯一种是阿氏蛋龙O. alifanovi),所知于部分骨骼,含最后两节背椎的碎片、三节前段骶椎、右髂骨、左右耻骨坐骨、连接的右胫骨腓骨、第二和第五跖骨及第四指第一和第二节趾骨、右腕掌骨、左右第二指第一节指骨、右股骨、第二趾第一节左趾骨以及未确认趾骨碎片。[1]

发现与命名

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2022年,模式种阿氏蛋龙(Ondogurvel alifanovi)由亚历山大·阿韦里亚诺夫(Alexander O. Averianov)和阿列克谢·洛帕丁(Alexey V. Lopatin)命名并描述。属名Ondogurvel分别取自蒙古语өндөг/ondo國際音標:[ɒndɒ],意为“蛋”)和гүрвэл/gurvel國際音標:[ɡurw̜iɮ],意为“蜥蜴”)。种名alifanovi國際音標:[ɑːlɪfɑːnɔːvaɪ])纪念1999年发现正模标本(PIN 5838/1)的俄罗斯古生物学家弗拉基米尔·阿里法诺夫(Vladimir Alifanov)。[1]

描述

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蛋龙是种两足兽脚类,和其它小驰龙亚科一样拥有强健的肱骨及修长的后肢,表明其善于奔跑。独特之处在于第二和第三跖骨接触区完全融合,与其它阿瓦拉慈龙科不同。[1]

阿韦里亚诺夫和洛帕丁(2022年)指出本属与小驰龙(西戈约特组的另一种小驰龙亚科)存在以下差异:[1]

  • 髂骨髋臼上嵴背侧呈弧形;
  • 胫骨横截面唇侧不太弯曲;
  • 第二趾第一趾骨相对较短。

描述者亦指出两者的股骨几乎相同。[1]米奇·莫蒂默(Mickey Mortimer)提出蛋龙可能是小驰龙的次异名,而后者仅所知于幼年个体。[2]

分类

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阿韦里亚诺夫和洛帕丁(2022年)根据手部形的将本属归入阿瓦拉慈龙科小驰龙亚科。他们发现蛋龙与西峡爪龙游光爪龙形成一个演化支,后者具有近端共骨化的第二及第四跖骨。描述论文提出:“整个小驰龙亚科腕掌骨形态的巨大差异可能表明,以贝斯克提组的阿瓦拉慈龙科–临河爪龙和单爪龙–蛋龙为代表的小驰龙亚科谱系之间存在着深刻差异。”。

阿韦里亚诺夫和洛帕丁(2022年)的分支图:[1]

阿瓦拉慈龙科 Alvarezsauridae

阿瓦拉慈龙 Alvarezsaurus

小驰龙亚科 Parvicursorinae

临河爪龙 Linhenykus

角爪龙 Ceratonykus

小驰龙 Parvicursor

单爪龙 Mononykus

鸟面龙 Shuvuuia

西峡爪龙 Xixianykus

游光爪龙 Albinykus

蛋龙 Ondogurvel

古生态学

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蒙古西戈约特组的耐梅盖特地区亦发现了偷蛋龙类的耐梅盖特母龙[3]其它地区发现的恐龙包括阿瓦拉慈龙科的角爪龙[4]胡山尾龙[5]小驰龙[6]驰龙科的作明龙[7]吉祥天母龙[8]偷蛋龙类的窃螺龙河源龙[9]哈兹卡盗龙亚科的胡山足龙[10]蜥脚类的非凡龙[11]角龙类的弱角龙矮脚角龙[12]厚头龙类的膨头龙[13]以及甲龙类的美甲龙[14]多智龙[15]猬甲龙[16]

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Alexander O. Averianov; Alexey V. Lopatin. A new alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Gobi Desert, Mongolia. Cretaceous Research. 19 February 2022, 134 [19 February 2022]. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105168. (原始内容存档于2022-02-19). 
  2. ^ Mortimer, Mickey. Parvicursor Karhu and Rutian, 1996a. The Theropod Database. [12 March 2022]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-06). 
  3. ^ Fanti, F.; Currie, P. J.; Badamgarav, D.; Lalueza-Fox, C. New specimens of Nemegtomaia from the Baruungoyot and Nemegt Formations (Late Cretaceous) of Mongolia. PLOS ONE. 2012, 7 (2): e31330. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...731330F. PMC 3275628可免费查阅. PMID 22347465. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031330可免费查阅. 
  4. ^ Alifanov, V. R.; Barsbold, R. Ceratonykus oculatus gen. et sp. nov., a new dinosaur (? Theropoda, Alvarezsauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal. 2009, 43 (1): 94–106. 
  5. ^ Averianov, Alexander O.; Lopatin, Alexey V. The second taxon of alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Khulsan locality in Gobi Desert, Mongolia. Historical Biology. 2021-11-18: 1–12. ISSN 0891-2963. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.2000976. 
  6. ^ Karhu, A. A.; Rautian, A. S. A new family of Maniraptora (Dinosauria: Saurischia) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal. 1996, (30): 583–592. 
  7. ^ Napoli, J. G.; Ruebenstahl, A. A.; Bhullar, B.-A. S.; Turner, A. H.; Norell, M. A. A New Dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Coelurosauria) from Khulsan, Central Mongolia (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 2021, (3982): 1–47 [2022-02-21]. ISSN 0003-0082. doi:10.1206/3982.1. hdl:2246/7286. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-11-09). 
  8. ^ Turner, A. H.; Montanari, S.; Norell, M. A. A New Dromaeosaurid from the Late Cretaceous Khulsan Locality of Mongolia (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 2021, (3965): 1−48 [2022-02-21]. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 231597229. doi:10.1206/3965.1. hdl:2246/7251可免费查阅. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-01-21). 
  9. ^ Funston, G. F.; Mendonca, S. E.; Currie, P. J.; Barsbold, R. Oviraptorosaur anatomy, diversity and ecology in the Nemegt Basin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. THE LATE CRETACEOUS NEMEGT ECOSYSTEM: DIVERSITY, ECOLOGY, AND GEOLOGICAL SIGNATURE. 2018-04-01, 494: 101–120 [2022-02-21]. ISSN 0031-0182. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.10.023. (原始内容存档于2019-05-02) (英语). 
  10. ^ Osmólska, H. Hulsanpes perlei n.g. n.sp. (Deinonychosauria, Saurischia, Dinosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous Barun Goyot Formation of Mongolia. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte. 1982, 1982 (7): 440–448. 
  11. ^ Kurzanov, S. M.; Bannikov, A. F. A new sauropod from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal. 1983, 2: 90−96 [2022-02-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-19). 
  12. ^ Kim, B.; Yun, H.; Lee, Y.-N. The postcranial skeleton of Bagaceratops (Ornithischia: Neoceratopsia) from the Baruungoyot Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in Hermiin Tsav of southwestern Gobi, Mongolia. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea. 2019, 55 (2): 179−190 [2022-02-21]. S2CID 150321203. doi:10.14770/jgsk.2019.55.2.179. (原始内容存档于2020-05-30). 
  13. ^ Maryańska, T.; Osmólska, H. Pachycephalosauria, a new suborder of ornithischian dinosaurs (PDF). Palaeontologica Polonica. 1974, (30): 45−102 [2022-02-21]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-08-31). 
  14. ^ Carpenter, K.; Hayashi, S.; Kobayashi, Y.; Maryańska, T.; Barsbold, R.; Sato, K.; Obata, I. Saichania chulsanensis (Ornithischia, Ankylosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A. 2011, 294 (1–3): 1–61 [2022-02-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-19). 
  15. ^ Maryańska, T. Ankylosauridae (Dinosauria) from Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica. 1977, 37: 85–151. 
  16. ^ Arbour, Victoria M.; Currie, Philip J.; Badamgarav, Demchig. The ankylosaurid dinosaurs of the Upper Cretaceous Baruungoyot and Nemegt formations of Mongolia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2014-10-27, 172 (3): 631–652. ISSN 0024-4082. doi:10.1111/zoj.12185. 
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蛋龙属
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