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布氏鳥屬

布氏鳥屬
化石时期:白堊紀
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
科: 布氏鳥科 Brodavidae
Martin et al., 2012
属: 布氏鳥屬 Brodavis
Martin et al., 2012
模式種
Brodavis americanus
Martin et al., 2012
  • 美洲布氏鳥 B. americanus Martin et al., 2012
  • 貝氏布氏鳥 B. baileyi Martin et al., 2012
  • 蒙古布氏鳥 B. mongoliensis Martin et al., 2012
  • 瓦氏布氏鳥 B. varneri (Martin & Cordes-Person, 2007)

布氏鳥屬學名Brodavis)為黃昏鳥目布氏鳥科(Brodavidae)下的唯一一屬鳥類,主要棲息於白堊紀晚期(坎帕期馬斯垂克期北美洲亞洲淡水環境。由賴瑞·馬丁、夫根尼·庫洛克金英语Evgeny Kurochkin及提姆·托卡里克於2012年進行發表及命名,布氏鳥屬目前已知包含了四個物種。

模式種美洲布氏鳥正模標本為發現於馬斯垂克期加拿大法國人組英语Frenchman Formation,編號RSM英语Royal Saskatchewan Museum P 2315.1 的左蹠骨化石。

貝氏布氏鳥的正模標本為發現於馬斯垂克期(6,680萬至6,600萬年前)美國南達科他州地獄溪層,編號PIN 4491-8的左蹠骨化石[1]

蒙古布氏鳥的正模標本為發現於馬斯垂克期蒙古耐梅蓋特層,編號PIN 4491-8的左蹠骨化石。

瓦氏布氏鳥於2007年由詹姆斯·馬丁及阿曼達·科德斯珀森發表及命名,最早被分類至潛水鳥屬英语Baptornis,正模標本為發現於坎帕期(8,150萬至8,050萬年前)美國南達科他州西南部的沙龍泉組英语Sharon Springs Formation,編號SDSM 68430的左跗蹠骨化石[2]。瓦氏布氏鳥目前分類於布氏鳥屬下,但牠們也可能屬於自己獨立的屬。

布氏鳥屬為第一個發現生存於淡水環境且存活年代最晚的黃昏鳥目演化支。雖然黃昏鳥目約於早白堊世結束時失去了飛行能力,但布氏鳥屬較低程度的骨肥厚英语pachyostosis意味著牠們可能具有一定程度的飛行能力[3]

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ Longrich, N.R., Tokaryk, T. and Field, D.J. (2011). "Mass extinction of birds at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(37): 15253-15257. doi:10.1073/pnas.1110395108
  2. ^ Carpenter, K. (2003). "Vertebrate Biostratigraphy of the Smoky Hill Chalk (Niobrara Formation) and the Sharon Springs Member (Pierre Shale)." High-Resolution Approaches in Stratigraphic Paleontology, 21: 421-437. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9053-0
  3. ^ Larry D. Martin, Evgeny N. Kurochkin and Tim T. Tokaryk. A new evolutionary lineage of diving birds from the Late Cretaceous of North America and Asia. Palaeoworld. 2012, 21: 59–63. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2012.02.005. 
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布氏鳥屬
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