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缢断蛋白 .
Dynamin central region Structure of the nucleotide-free myosin II motor domain from Dictyostelium discoideum fused to the GTPase domain of dynamin I from Rattus norvegicus
標誌 Dynamin_M Pfam PF01031 （旧版 ）InterPro IPR000375
缢断蛋白 （英語：Dynamin ，也译为发动蛋白 、动力蛋白 ）是一种与真核生物 內吞作用 有关的GTP酶 网格蛋白介导的内吞作用 网格蛋白 包被小窝（clathrin-coated pit，CCP）颈部的膜收缩和变形，并从细胞膜 上切下新生囊泡 [ 1] [ 2]
缢断蛋白与其类似的蛋白属于一个“缢断蛋白超家族”（dynamin superfamily ，DSP），成员包括：MX1（干扰素诱导的GTP结合蛋白1）、MFN1（线粒体融合蛋白1）、GBPs（鸟苷酸结合蛋白 ）等，都与细胞膜融合有关[ 3] [ 4]
缢断蛋白大小约96 kDa ，长约900个氨基酸残基，从N-末端 开始依次为GTP酶结构域（用于结合GTP ）、富α螺旋 区域、PH结构域 （用于结合脂质）到C-末端 的富脯氨酸结构域（用于结合SH3结构域 的蛋白）[ 5]
在哺乳动物中，有三种不同的缢断蛋白基因，三者的PH结构域 关键序列存在差异：
^ 1.0 1.1 Henley JR, Cao H, McNiven MA. Participation of dynamin in the biogenesis of cytoplasmic vesicles. FASEB Journal. December 1999,. 13 Suppl 2 (9002): S243–7. PMID 10619136 doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.9002.S243 ^ Cheng, Xiaodong; Chen, Kuangcai; Dong, Bin; Yang, Meek; Filbrun, Seth L.; Myoung, Yong; Huang, Teng-Xiang; Gu, Yan; Wang, Gufeng; Fang, Ning. Dynamin-dependent vesicle twist at the final stage of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Nature Cell Biology. 2021-07-12. doi:10.1038/s41556-021-00713-x ^ Hinshaw, J. "Research statement, Jenny E. Hinshaw, Ph.D." （页面存档备份 ，存于互联网档案馆 ） National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology. Accessed 19 March 2013.
^ Urrutia R, Henley JR, Cook T, McNiven MA. The dynamins: redundant or distinct functions for an expanding family of related GTPases? . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. January 1997, 94 (2): 377–84. PMC 34135 PMID 9012790 doi:10.1073/pnas.94.2.377 ^ Jimah, JR; Hinshaw, JE. Structural Insights into the Mechanism of Dynamin Superfamily Proteins.. Trends in cell biology. 2019-03, 29 (3): 257–273. PMID 30527453 doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2018.11.003 ^ Praefcke GJ, McMahon HT. The dynamin superfamily: universal membrane tubulation and fission molecules?. Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology. February 2004, 5 (2): 133–147. PMID 15040446 S2CID 6305282 doi:10.1038/nrm1313 Synaptic vesicle
SNARE
Q-SNARE
突觸融合蛋白
STX1A STX1B STX2 STX3 STX4 STX5 STX6 STX7 STX8 STX10 STX11 STX12 STX16 STX17 STX18
STX19 Munc-18 STXBP1 STXBP2 STXBP3 STXBP4
STXBP5 STXBP6 R-SNARE
突觸小泡蛋白 /VAMP VAMP1 VAMP2 VAMP3
Synaptotagmin
SYT1 SYT2 SYT3 SYT4 SYT5 SYT6 SYT7 SYT8
SYT9 SYT10
SYT11 SYT12
SYT13 SYT14 SYT15
SYT16
SYT17 Other
COPI
套體素
COPA COPB1 COPB2 COPE COPG COPG2 COPZ1 COPZ2 COPII
Vesicle formation: SEC23A RME 网格蛋白 Caveolae
Caveolin CAV1 CAV2 CAV3 Other/ungrouped
Vesicle formation
Adaptor protein complex 1:
AP1AR AP1B1 AP1G1 AP1G2 AP1M1 AP1M2 AP1S1 AP1S2 AP1S3 Adaptor protein complex 2:
AP2A1 AP2A2 AP2B1 AP2M1 AP2S1 Adaptor protein complex 3:
AP3B1 AP3B2 AP3D1 AP3M1 AP3M2
AP3S1 AP3S2 Adaptor protein complex 4: BLOC-1 BLOC-2: BLOC-3: Coats:
Small GTPase Other
EHD蛋白家族: EHD1
EHD2 EHD3 EHD4 vacuolar protein sorting VPS13B VPS33B
See also vesicular transport protein disorders
3.6.1 3.6.2 3.6.3-4: ATP酶
3.6.3
Cu²⁺ (3.6.3.4)
Menkes/ATP7A
Wilson/ATP7B Ca²⁺ (3.6.3.8)
SERCA
质膜
ATP2B1
ATP2B2
ATP2B3
ATP2B4
SPCA
Na+/K+ (3.6.3.9)
ATP1A1
ATP1A2
ATP1A3
ATP1A4
ATP1B1
ATP1B2
ATP1B3
ATP1B4 H+/K+ (3.6.3.10) P型ATP酶
ATP8B1
ATP10A
ATP11B
ATP12A
ATP13A2
ATP13A3
3.6.4
3.6.5: GTP酶
3.6.5.1: 异三聚体G蛋白
Gαs
Gαi
Gαq/11
Gα12/13
Transducin
3.6.5.2: 小G蛋白 > Ras超家族
Rho family of GTPases: Cdc42
RhoUV
Rac
RhoBTB
RhoH
Rho
Rnd
RhoDF
other: Ras
Rab
Arf
Ran
Rheb
Rap 3.6.5.3: 蛋白质合成GTP酶 3.6.5.5-6: 聚合马达
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. PMID 9012790. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.2.377.
