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硫酸铝

硫酸铝
IUPAC名
Aluminium sulfate
识别
CAS号 10043-01-3  checkY
7784-31-8(八水)  checkY
PubChem 24850
ChemSpider 23233
SMILES
 
  • [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
InChI
 
  • 1/2Al.3H2O4S/c;;3*1-5(2,3)4/h;;3*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+3;;;/p-6
InChIKey DIZPMCHEQGEION-CYFPFDDLAS
EINECS 233-135-0
RTECS BD1700000
性质
化学式 Al2(SO4)3
摩尔质量 无水:342.15 g/mol
八水:666.44 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色结晶固体
吸湿性
密度 2.672 g/cm3(无水)
1.62 g/cm3(八水)
熔点 770 °C(1043 K)
溶解性 31.2 g/100 mL (0 °C)
36.4 g/100 mL (20 °C)
89.0 g/100 mL (100 °C)
溶解性 微溶于,稀
pKa 3.3–3.6
磁化率 −93.0×10−6 cm3/mol
折光度n
D
1.47[1]
结构
晶体结构 单斜(八水)
热力学
ΔfHm298K -3440 kJ/mol
危险性
NFPA 704
0
1
0
 
PEL [2]
相关物质
其他阳离子 硫酸镓
硫酸锰
相关化学品
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

硫酸铝是一种无机化合物,化学式为Al2(SO4)3。它易溶于水,通常会与明矾混淆。硫酸铝通常被作为絮凝剂,用于提纯饮用水污水处理设备当中,也用于造纸工业。

自然状况下,硫酸铝几乎不以无水盐形式存在。它会形成一系列的水合物,其中十六水硫酸铝是最常见的。

硫酸铝也是一种很有效的软体动物杀虫剂,能杀灭西班牙鼻涕虫(Spanish slugs)。

实验室制备

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硫酸铝可以通过将氢氧化铝(Al(OH)3)投入硫酸(H2SO4)中制备。

2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 + 10H2O → Al2(SO4)3·16H2O

用途

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参考资料

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  1. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
  2. ^ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. #0024. NIOSH. 

外部链接

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硫酸铝
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