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氢化锌

氢化锌
英文名 Zinc hydride
识别
CAS号 14018-82-7  checkY
PubChem 12131914
ChemSpider 10806557
SMILES
 
  • [ZnH2]
性质
化学式 ZnH2
摩尔质量 67.406 g·mol⁻¹
外观 白色晶体
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

氢化锌(化学式:ZnH2)是二价生成的氢化物

性质

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白色非挥发性固体,贮存时发生分解变灰。[1]可以聚合。有明显的共价键化合物特性。[2]

蒸汽中存在直线型的 ZnH2 分子,键长 153.5 pm。[3]

易被空气氧化,甚至着火。可以被水分解放出氢气,遇酸剧烈分解。不溶于乙醚。真空中高于80℃时分解为。在乙硼烷使它转变为硼氢化锌(Zn(BH4)2)。[4]

制取

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1、在乙醚溶液中,由二甲基锌氢化铝锂反应,得到白色沉淀,用乙醚洗涤,加热至50℃,除去乙醚而得。[4]

2、碘化锌氢化铝锂低温在乙醚中反应而得:

3、由碱金属氢化物与卤化锌反应制备:[1][5]

于1947年由 Finholt 等首次制得。[6] 熔融锌中只能溶解极少量氢,因此从300℃起到锌的熔点,锌与氢并不发生直接的反应。[7]

用途

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有机合成中用作还原剂

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Herrmann, Wolfgang A. Synthetic Methods of Organometallic and Inorganic Chemistry. Georg Thieme Verlag. 1997. ISBN 3131030615. 
  2. ^ Mackay, Rosemary Ann; Henderson, W.;. Introduction to Modern Inorganic Chemistry 6th. CRC Press. 2002. ISBN 0748764208. 
  3. ^ Shayesteh, Alireza; Appadoo, Dominique R. T.; Gordon, Iouli E.; Bernath, Peter F.; Journal of the American Chemical Society. Vibration−Rotation Emission Spectra of Gaseous ZnH2 and ZnD2 126 (44): 14356–14357. 2004. doi:10.1021/ja046050b. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 氢化锌. 化工引擎. [2009-08-24]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04). 
  5. ^ Egon Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman (2001) Inorganic Chemistry, Elsevier ISBN 0123526515
  6. ^ A. E. Finholt, A. C. Bond, Jr., H. I. Schlesinger. Lithium Aluminum Hydride, Aluminum Hydride and Lithium Gallium Hydride, and Some of their Applications in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1947, 69: 1199–1203. doi:10.1021/ja01197a061. 
  7. ^ 吕云阳,王文绍,刘颂禹,季振平.《无机化学丛书》第六卷 卤素 铜分族 锌分族.北京:科学出版社,1998年10月.页705.书号 03-003647-6.
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氢化锌
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