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孤立语

孤立語Isolating language)是一种语言类型。特点是没有或很少有詞形變化,构词上,語素單詞比接近一比一,即一个词等于一个(自由)语素,常用語序助词表示语法關係。与綜合語(其中又分為黏著語屈折語多式綜合語)形成对比。

依照語言學家的分類標準和视角的不同,孤立語與分析語之間的關係可能會產生三种情况:

  1. 將孤立語與分析語視為相同的概念。
  2. 將「分析」作為一種性質,進而將孤立語納入分析語,視孤立語為分析語分析性質最極端的表現。
  3. 將孤立語與分析語分開。(如上古漢語兼具孤立語及綜合語性質)

漢語彝語緬甸語壯語寮語越南語高棉語巴布亞皮欽語苗語約魯巴語等。

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孤立语
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