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七覺支.
七觉支（梵語：sapta bodhyanga，巴利語：satta bojjhaṅgā，或satta sambojjhaṅgā），也称七等觉支、七遍觉支、七菩提分、七菩提分宝、七觉分、七觉意、七觉志、七觉支法、七觉意法，为佛教术语，三十七菩提分法中的一类。
名稱來源
覺，又譯為菩提，是覺悟之意，為智慧解脫的別名。支（āṅga）是「分支」、「部份」、「肢體」之意，八聖道也使用同樣的單字構成。七觉支是指能够到达佛教所说的觉悟的修行类别及感受[1]。
在契經中，七覺支也被稱為七覺分（巴利語：bodhipakkhikā dhammā），七道品法或七菩提分法[2]
分类
七觉支包括以下七类[3]：
- 念(smṛti)覺支，心中明白，常念于定与慧。
- 擇法(dharmavicayaḥ, dhammavicaya)覺支，依智慧能选择真法，舍弃恶法。
- 精進(vīryaṃ, vīriya)覺支，精进勤奋学习正法而不懈怠。
- 喜(Prīti, pīti)覺支，得正法而产生的喜悦。
- 輕安(praśrabdhiḥ, passaddhi)覺支，又作猗觉支，指身心感到轻快安稳。
- 定(samādhi)覺支，进入三昧而心不散乱。
- 捨(upekṣā，upekkhā)覺支，心无偏颇，不执着而保持平衡。
参考文献
- ^ 《法蕴足论》（七卷）：“此觉支言，显七觉支。何等为七？谓念觉支、择法觉支、精进觉支、喜觉支、轻安觉支、定觉支、舍觉支。如是觉支，渐次而起，渐次而得，修令圆满。时彼苾刍复白佛言：云何觉支，渐次而起，渐次而得，修令圆满？佛告苾刍：若有于身，住循身观；安住正念，远离愚痴；尔时便起念觉支。得念觉支，修令圆满。彼由此念，于法简择，极简择，遍寻思，遍伺察，审谛伺察；尔时便起择法觉支。得择法觉支，修令圆满。彼由择法，发勤精进；心不下劣。尔时便起精进觉支。得精进觉支，修令圆满。彼由精进，发生胜喜，远离爱味；尔时便起喜觉支。得喜觉支，修令圆满。彼由此喜，身心轻安，远离麁重；尔时便起轻安觉支。得轻安觉支，修令圆满。彼由轻安，便受快乐。乐故心定。尔时便起定觉支。得定觉支，修令圆满。彼由心定，能灭贪忧，住增上舍；尔时便起舍觉支。得舍觉支，修令圆满。于受心法，住循受心法观；广说亦尔。如是觉支，渐次而起，渐次而得，修令圆满。”
- ^ 《雜阿含經·七三三經》：「佛告比丘：所謂覺分者，謂七道品法。然諸比丘，七覺分漸次而起，修習滿足。」
《雜阿含經·七三七經》：「佛告諸比丘、比丘尼：七覺分者，謂七道品法。諸比丘，此七覺分漸次起，漸次起已，修習滿足。」
- ^ 《大毗婆沙论》（一百四十一卷）：“七觉支者：一、念觉支，二、择法觉支，三、精进觉支，四、喜觉支，五、轻安觉支，六、定觉支，七、舍觉支。择法、卽慧。喜、卽喜根。舍、谓行舍。余四如名，卽心所中各一为性。已说自性；当说所以。问：何故此七，名觉支耶？答：觉、谓究竟觉，卽尽无生智。或如实觉，卽无漏慧。七为彼分，故名为支。择法、亦觉亦支。余六、是支，非觉。此七广辩，如余处说。”
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