For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for V-1导弹.

V-1导弹

V-1导弹
Fieseler Fi 103
Flakzielgerät 76 (FZG-76)
类型巡航导弹、复仇武器
原产地 纳粹德国
服役记录
服役期间1944–1945年
使用方德国空军(Luftwaffe)
参与战争/冲突第二次世界大战
生产历史
研发者Robert Lusser
生产商Fieseler
单位成本5,090 国家马克[1]
基本规格
重量2,150千克(4,740磅)
长度8.32米(27.3英尺)
宽度5.37米(17.6英尺)
高度1.42米(4英尺8英寸)

弹头阿马托-39,后来转采用Trialen
弹头量850千克(1,870磅)
引爆机制
  • Electrical impact fuze
  • Backup mechanical impact fuze
  • Time fuze to prevent examination of duds

发动机Argus As 109-014 脉冲喷气式发动机
作战范围250 km(160 mi)[2]
速度640 km/h(400 mph) flying between 600至900米(2,000至3,000英尺)
制导系统陀螺仪

V-1导弹德国二次世界大战研发与生产的一种地对地攻击的飞弹。V-1是复仇兵器第1号(德语:Vergeltungswaffe 1)的略称。德国军方编号为Fi 103,是德国在大战末期的复仇武器之一。其使用脉冲喷气式发动机,在飞行过程中常伴随着“嗡嗡”的声响,所以又称“嗡嗡炸弹”。也有人称它为“机器人炸弹”[3][4]

历史

德国自1944年6月13日开始对英国南方与欧洲大陆数个重要城市发射V-1飞弹,直到1945年3月29日终止期间,一共生产大约3万枚,发射大约1万枚。其中2,419枚击中伦敦市,造成约6,184人死亡,17,981人受伤。

英国为了防范V-1的袭击,除了以高射炮之外,亦在英国上空放置了大量防空气球,并训练飞行员击落V-1。

V-1的主要发射方式是从地面架设的固定轨道升空,德国空军也改装部分He 111轰炸机,自空中发射约1176枚V-1飞弹。

设计与外型

V-1的外型类似一架飞机,只是没有驾驶员的乘坐空间,不过德国的确试验过利用人力控制的V-1飞弹。V-1的动力来自一具阿格斯公司生产,推力2.7千牛顿(660磅)的As 014脉冲式喷气发动机

位于导弹前端的弹头重量850公斤,飞行速度在高度600到900米之间为640公里/时,飞行距离约为250公里。制导系统是以陀螺仪控制的自动飞行系统。

参考资料

  1. ^ Zaloga 2005,第11页.
  2. ^ Werrell 1985,第53页.
  3. ^ Vanek 1999,第81页.
  4. ^ Lloyd & Hall 1997,第222页.
  • Cooper, Michael "Mike", Meteor Age, Doncaster, UK: Mark Turner, 1997 .
  • Crowdy, Terence "Terry", Deceiving Hitler: Double Cross and Deception in World War II, Oxford, UK: Osprey, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84603-135-9 .
  • Irons, Roy, Hitler's Terror Weapons: The Price of Vengeance, New York: Harper Collins, 2003, ISBN 978-0-00-711263-0 .
  • Jackson, Robert, Britain's Greatest Aircraft, Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword, 2007, ISBN 978-1-84415-383-1 .
  • Jones, R.V., Most Secret War: British Scientific Intelligence, 1939–1945, London: Hamish Hamilton, 1978, ISBN 978-0-241-89746-1 .
  • Lloyd, Clement John; Hall, Richard (编), Backroom Briefings: John Curtin's War illustrated, National Library Australia: 222, 1997, ISBN 9780642106889 .
  • Masterman, John C., The Double-Cross System in the War of 1939 to 1945, London: Avon, 1972 [1945] .
  • Mindling, George; Bolton, Robert, US Air Force Tactical Missiles, 1949–1969, The Pioneers, Raleigh, North Carolina: Lulu.com, 2009, ISBN 978-0-557-00029-6 .
  • Montagu, Ewen, Beyond Top Secret Ultra, New York: Coward McCann & Geoghegan, 1978, ISBN 978-0-698-10882-0 .
  • Reuter, C., The V2 and the German, Russian and American Rocket Program, Missisagua, Ontario, Canada: German Canadian Heritage Museum, 2000, ISBN 978-1-894643-05-4 .
  • Sharp, C. Martin; Bowyer, Michael JF, Mosquito, Somerset, UK: Crécy, 1995, ISBN 978-0-947554-41-5 .
  • Self, Brian. Hudson, John Pilkington (1910–2007). 《牛津国家人物传记大辞典》 线上版. 牛津大学出版社. January 2011. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/99289  需要订阅或英国公共图书馆会员资格.
  • United States Air Force Museum Guidebook, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation, 1975 .
  • Werrell, Kenneth P., The Evolution of the Cruise Missile, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air University Press, 1985 .
  • Vanek, David, Fulfilment: Memoirs of a Criminal Court Judge, Dundurn: 81, 1999, ISBN 9781459715028 .
  • Zaloga, Steven, V-1 Flying Bomb 1942–52, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84176-791-8 .

相关条目

{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
V-1导弹
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?