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锹鳞龙属

锹鳞龙属
化石时期:221–206 Ma
锹鳞龙
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行纲 Reptilia
目: 坚蜥目 Aetosauria
科: 锹鳞龙科 Stagonolepidae
属: 锹鳞龙属 Stagonolepis
Agassiz, 1844
模式种
Stagonolepis robertsoni
Agassiz, 1844
  • S. robertsoni Agassiz, 1844
  • S. olenkae Sulej, 2010

锹鳞龙属(属名:Stagonolepis)是种已灭绝主龙类爬行动物,属于坚蜥目,生存于三叠纪晚期的诺利期。锹鳞龙的化石已在苏格兰波兰发现。

锹鳞龙是种四足、植食性动物,身体覆盖者厚重鳞甲。锹鳞龙行动缓慢,牠们使用厚重骨板来抵抗同时代伪鳄类掠食动物的攻击。锹鳞龙身长3米,头部长达25公分;与身体相比,锹鳞龙的头部非常小头部少于身体长度的10%。牠们的嘴部前段没有牙齿,嘴部后段有适合咀嚼的钉状牙齿,但喙状嘴的前端往上拱起,可让锹鳞龙拔起植物(类似现在的),包括木贼蕨类植物、以及苏铁[1]

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锹鳞龙的实体模型,位于华沙演化博物馆

模式种S. robertsoni,化石发现于苏格兰的洛西茅斯砂岩层;第二个种是S. olenkae,化石发现于波兰,地质年代比模式种还年轻[2]

某些古生物学家认为,发现于南美洲Aetosauroides,是锹鳞龙的次异名Aetosauroides目前有两个种:A. scagliaiA. subsulcatus。在2002年,史宾赛·卢卡斯(Spencer G. Lucas)将体形较大的种,归类于锹鳞龙的S. robertsoni,较小的种则归类于S. wellesi[3]

一些发现于美国的化石,生存同年也是三叠纪晚期,原本是独立属Calyptosuchus,曾被改归类成锹鳞龙的第三个种S. wellesi。大部分研究认为锹鳞龙、Calyptosuchus是两个单系源,是两个有效的独立属[4][5][6][7]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Palmer, D. (编). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. 1999: 96. ISBN 1-84028-152-9. 
  2. ^ Sulej, Tomasz. The skull of an early Late Triassic aetosaur and the evolution of the stagonolepidid archosaurian reptiles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2010, 158 (4): 860–881. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00566.x. 
  3. ^ Heckert, A.B.; Lucas, S.G. South American occurrences of the Adamanian (Late Triassic: latest Carnian) index taxon Stagonolepis (Archosauria: Aetosauria) and their biochronological significance. Journal of Paleontology. 2002, 76 (5): 852–863. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2002)076<0852:SAOOTA>2.0.CO;2. 
  4. ^ Parker, William G. Reassessment of the Aetosaur "Desmatosuchus" chamaensis with a reanalysis of the phylogeny of the Aetosauria (Archosauria:Pseudosuchia) (PDF). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2007, 5: 41–68 [2012-03-22]. doi:10.1017/S1477201906001994. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2013-11-13). 
  5. ^ Parker, W. G.; Stocker, M. R.; Irmis, R. B. A new desmatosuchine aetosaur (Archosauria; Suchia) from the Upper Triassic Tecovas Formation (Dockum Group) of Texas. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2008, 28 (2): 692–701. ISSN 0272-4634. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[692:ANDAAS]2.0.CO;2. 
  6. ^ Desojo, J.B.; Ezcurra, M.D. A reappraisal of the taxonomic status of Aetosauroides (Archosauria, Aetosauria) specimens from the Late Triassic of South America and their proposed synonymy with Stagonolepis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2011, 31 (3): 596–609. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.572936. 
  7. ^ Julia B. Desojo, Martin D. Ezcurra and Edio E. Kischlat. A new aetosaur genus (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil (PDF). Zootaxa. 2012, 3166: 1–33 [2012-03-22]. ISSN 1175-5326. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-03-09). 

外部链接

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锹鳞龙属
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