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贝特朗判别法

贝特朗判别法(英语:Bertrand's test)是正项级数敛散性的一种判别方法,分析通过级数项作成的形如序列的极限,可以更为精细地讨论级数的收敛性,可以看作达朗贝尔判别法拉阿伯判别法库默尔判别法英语Ratio test#5. Kummer’s test的推论。

无穷级数 ζ ( s ) = ∑ k = 1 ∞ 1 k s {\displaystyle \zeta (s)=\sum _{k=1}^{\infty }{\frac {1}{k^{s)))) 无穷级数 审敛法 项测试 · 比较审敛法 · 极限比较审敛法 ·根值审敛法 · 比值审敛法 · 柯西判别法 · 柯西并项判别法 · 拉比判别法 · 高斯判别法 · 积分判别法 · 魏尔施特拉斯判别法 · 贝特朗判别法 · 狄利克雷判别法 · 阿贝尔判别法 · 库默尔判别法 · 斯托尔兹—切萨罗定理 · 迪尼判别法 级数 调和级数 · 调和级数 · 幂级数 · 泰勒级数 · 傅里叶级数 .mw-parser-output .hlist ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist li,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:after{white-space:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li:after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li:after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li:after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li:before{content:" "counter(listitem)" ";white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child:before{content:" ("counter(listitem)" "}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li:before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child:before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:after{content:","}.mw-parser-output .sslist li:after{content:";"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}

定理

是欲判断敛散性的级数,定义序列

设它具有极限

那么:

  • 倘若,级数收敛;
  • 倘若,级数发散;
  • 倘若,则级数的敛散性暂时不能确定[1]

证明

库默尔判别法英语Ratio test#5. Kummer’s test中取,这样的选取是可以允许的,因为级数发散。

在这情形下有

也可以表示成

其中,这就得到了贝特朗判别法。

参考文献

  1. ^ Г. М. 菲赫金哥尔茨. 微积分学教程(第二卷)(第8版) 第二版. 2006: 230. ISBN 978-7-04-018304-7. 
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贝特朗判别法
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