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蟠形总目

蟠形总目
印度的一种巨型球马陆英语Sphaerotheriida
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
亚门: 多足亚门 Myriapoda
纲: 倍足纲 Diplopoda
亚纲: 唇颚亚纲 Chilognatha
下纲: 五带马陆下纲 Pentazonia
总目: 蟠形总目 Oniscomorpha
Pocock, 1887[1]
总目

见内文

异名

Armadillomorpha
Verhoeff, 1915

蟠形总目(学名:Oniscomorpha)是倍足纲之下的一个分类元,又称球马陆,属于唇颚亚纲(Chilognatha)五带马陆下纲(Pentazonia)的一种节肢动物。原为级分类,现时升格为总目级。

与其他同纲物种相比,蟠形总目物种的体长显得很短:一般只有11到13个体节[2],而且当受到干扰时,可以把身体蜷曲成为球状以防御。这种演化出来的特征,原来在本总目之一的两个目是分别演化出来,成为了趋同演化的一个例子[3]。球马陆一类的物种主要是腐食性,以树林内腐烂的植物为食[4]

学名语源

球马陆(上:Pill millipede,Glomeris marginata)和鼠妇(下:Pill bugArmadillidium vulgare)的对照图

蟠形总目的学名“Oniscomorpha”源于鼠妇(木虱)的学名“Oniscidea”。然而,这两个物种虽然外型相似,实际上并没有亲属关系:球马陆(蟠形总目)属于多足亚门之下(包括马陆等),而木虱则属于甲壳亚门的陆生甲壳生物。

分类

本目物种可以分为以下两个科[5][6]

  • 球马陆目(Glomerida)
    • 球马陆科(Glomeridae)
  • 蟠马陆目(Sphaerotheriida)
    • 蟠马陆科(Sphaerotheriidae)
  • Amynilyspedida(†已灭绝)

参考文献

  1. ^ Shear, W. Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais, 1844. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness (PDF). Zootaxa. 2011, 3148: 159–164 [2015-12-05]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-07-25). 
  2. ^ Racheboeuf, P. R.; Hannibal, J. T.; Vannier, J. A new species of the diplopod Anymilyspes (Oniscomorpha) from the Stephania lagerstätte of Montceau-les-Mines, France. Journal of Paleontology. 2004, 78 (1): 221–229 [2015-12-05]. ISSN 0022-3360. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0221:ANSOTD>2.0.CO;2. (原始内容存档于2011-09-29) (英语). 
  3. ^ Defining Features of Nominal Clades of Diplopoda (PDF). Field Museum of Natural History. [June 24, 2007]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2015-12-26). 
  4. ^ Pill millipedes fact file. Australian Museum. [June 24, 2007]. (原始内容存档于2007年8月29日). 
  5. ^ Bueno-Villegas, Julián; Sierwald, Petra; Bond, Jason E. Diplopoda. Bousquets, J. L.; Morrone, J. J. (编). Biodiversidad, taxonomia y biogeografia de artropodos de Mexico (PDF). : 569–599 [2015-12-05]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-03-04). 
  6. ^ Shelley, Rowland M. Millipedes. [October 12, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2019-08-14). 
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蟠形总目
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