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睫毛倒刺

睫毛倒刺
同义词倒睫
症状眼睫毛异向生长
并发症上皮病变、角膜溃疡、角膜瘢痕
起病年龄感染、炎症等
病程长期
诊断方法裂隙灯
预防上翻眼睑
治疗拔除有影响的眼睫毛
分类和外部资源
医学专科眼科学
ICD-119A04.0
ICD-10H02.0
DiseasesDB31305
eMedicine1213321
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

睫毛倒刺(英语:Trichiasis)是医学上表明睫毛生长方向异常的术语,其症状表现为眼睫毛向眼球生长并接触到角膜结膜。倒睫可能是由感染、炎症、免疫系统疾病、先天性缺陷(如眼睑发育不全)、甚至是外伤引起的,是世界上传染性失明的主要原因。对于倒睫情况,标准治疗手段一般是使用激光或经手术除去出现症状的眼睫毛。不过,在许多情况下可以用镊子去除出现症状的睫毛快速缓解症状,但睫毛可能会在几周内再生,随后继续引发症状。[1]

其中,部分轻度病例可能不需要治疗,而严重的病例则可能会导致角膜瘢痕的产生,如若不治疗会导致视力下降。多次复发的沙眼症状是睫毛倒刺的诱因之一。[2]

治疗

当角膜严重影响眼球时,可以使用细镊子去除朝向眼球生长的睫毛,如并角膜炎,则必须在眼科医生的监督下,给予抗生素滴眼液抗炎治疗。如需要彻底清除病灶,可以使用机械切除法、电解法或是冷冻疗法。考虑到患者的年龄和病情的严重程度,或许可进行采用各种整形手术技术(例如边缘成形术)进行对症治疗。[3][4]

并发症

角膜倒刺可以引起诸多并发症,例如[5]

狗的倒睫

狗的倒睫是由于其眼睑的毛发朝着错误的方向生长,摩擦眼睛并引发刺激。眼睑外侧是倒睫出现的主要部位,尤为常见于英国可卡犬中。对于从眼部影响到鼻褶的倒睫,常常可以在其上涂擦凡士林来消除,惟时有需要进行手术以永久矫正。[6]

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Burton, Matthew; Habtamu, Esmael; Ho, Derek; Gower, Emily W. Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group , 编. Interventions for trachoma trichiasis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015-11-13, 2016 (12). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004008.pub3 (英语). 
  2. ^ Rabiu, Mansur; Alhassan, Mahmoud B; Ejere, Henry OD; Evans, Jennifer R. Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group , 编. Environmental sanitary interventions for preventing active trachoma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012-02-15. PMC 4422499可免费查阅. PMID 22336798. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004003.pub4 (英语). 
  3. ^ BORODIC-TOWNSEND: “Cirugía plástica del párpado”. Editorial Médica Panamericana. Pp 121-138
  4. ^ COIFFMAN, F: “Cirugía plástica, reparadora y estética”. Masson-Salvat Medicina. Tomo 2. Pp 1431-1436
  5. ^ Belousova, Z. F. A variant of trichiasis and its complication. Oftalmologicheskii Zhurnal. 1989, (7) [2022-06-22]. ISSN 0030-0675. PMID 2633102. (原始内容存档于2022-06-22). 
  6. ^ Gelatt, Kirk N. (编). Veterinary Ophthalmology 3rd. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 1999. ISBN 0-683-30076-8. 

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睫毛倒刺
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