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牛杂

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牛杂河粉

牛杂东南亚广东香港常见的小吃[1],由牛的内脏煮成,包括牛胃、牛心、牛肝、牛肾、牛肺、牛沙瓜等等。通常与白萝卜一起煮,再以浓郁的柱侯酱汁或卤水汁调味。

起源

关于牛杂的起源,相传是上古一位大王在先农坛亲耕祭祀农神时,突然天降大雨,大王看到当地百姓饥谨,立即下令屠宰亲耕的牛,将其牛肉、牛肚、牛心、牛肝、牛百叶、牛肠等放入锅中。百姓食后醇正鲜美,味道甚好。至此流传于广东等地。由于其蛋白质较高,营养丰富。且很容易被吸收,是有益于健康的绝佳食品,后被人们称之为“牛杂碎”。

广州被称为是牛杂的发源地。和味牛杂萝卜据说是光绪年间一个居住在光塔寺附近的回族厨师发明的。光塔寺是一座历史悠久的清真寺,附近一带曾是信奉伊斯兰教的回民聚居地。出于宗教信仰,伊斯兰教教徒都不吃猪肉,故一个回民厨师就想到在光塔寺附近开了一家牛香店。他用牛肠、牛膀、牛肺、萝卜用加了花椒、八角等五种味料的酱汁慢火炆好几个小时,等牛杂炆透了,而萝卜又吸满了加入牛杂味的酱汁后,再剪开小块,用小竹签串着醮辣椒酱吃,曰为和味牛杂萝卜,入口回味无穷。此味一出,果然吸引附近的回民甚至非回民都来光顾。于是,善食的广州人都纷纷仿效,和味牛杂萝卜一味流传至今了。[2]

食用

由于动物内脏含有大量血液及分泌物,所以在烹调前必须清洗干净。牛杂本来是平价的食品,但烹调得当却能带出独特美味。牛杂常被作为小吃,串在一起出售。牛杂在香港常被作为粉面的配料,其中以牛腩面最为著名[3]

种类

常见的:

较特别和少有的:

  • 牛姜(牛的背韧带“牛板筋”)
  • 牛天梯(牛的上颚
  • 牛脆骨(牛的气管
  • 牛心顶(牛的心脏血管头)
  • 牛荔枝(牛的乳腺
  • 牛波子(牛的睾丸
  • 牛鞭(牛的阳具
  • 牛欢喜(牛的外阴部和阴道)

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ 牛杂背后 下栏变上菜页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),苹果日报,2015-11-30
  2. ^ 牛杂的由来[永久失效链接], 中华网, 2012-12-14
  3. ^ 九记牛腩寸爆中环页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),苹果日报,2013-05-24
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牛杂
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