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次级代谢产物

次级代谢产物(英语:Secondary metabolites,又称为次生代谢物二代谢物)是不直接涉及到生命正常生长、发育繁殖有机化合物[1]。不像初级代谢产物,缺少次级代谢产物不会导致立即死亡,但是在长期看来,有可能损伤生物的存活率配对成功率繁殖力,也可能一点也没有明显的改变。特定的次级代谢产物常常只出现在特定的一个类群中作为这些物种的共有衍征[2]。次级代谢产物在植物防被食防卫方面起着重要的作用[3]。人类利用次级代谢产物作为药物、调味品或消遣类药物。细菌利用抗生素来和周围的细菌合作和沟通,常常次级代谢都发生在细菌成长期之后的固定期(stationary phase),而人类使用提炼出来的抗生素做药物。

分类

大多数人类所感兴趣的次级代谢产物被放入基于其生物合成来源分类的分类。因为次级代谢产物常由被修饰的初级代谢产物合酶生产出来,或来源于从初级代谢产物上“借来”的底物,这些分类方法不应该被解读为:分类中的所有分子都是次级代谢产物(例如甾体化合物类),相反地,只是说这些次级代谢产物存在于这些分类中。

小“小分子”

较大“小分子”,由较大且模块化的“分子工厂”生产出来

非“小分子”,脱氧核糖核酸、核糖核酸或多糖类“经典”生物聚合物

另见

参考文献

  1. ^ Fraenkel, Gottfried S. The raison d'Etre of secondary plant substances. Science. May 1959, 129 (3361): 1466–1470. PMID 13658975. doi:10.1126/science.129.3361.1466. 
  2. ^ Chemical plants. [2008-12-19]. (原始内容存档于2011-11-04). 
  3. ^ Stamp, Nancy. Out of the quagmire of plant defense hypotheses. The Quarterly Review of Biology. March 2003, 78 (1): 23–55. PMID 12661508. doi:10.1086/367580. 
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次级代谢产物
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