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恒定码率

恒定码率(英语:Constant bitrate,简称CBR)这是一个用来形容通信服务质量(QoS,Quality of Service)的术语。和该词相对应的词是可变码率或可变比特率(英文variable bit rate,缩写VBR)。

当形容编解码器的时候,CBR编码指的是编码器的输出码率(或者解码器的输入码率)应该是固定值(常数)。当在一个带宽受限的信道中进行多媒体通讯的时候CBR是非常有用的,因为这时候受限的是最高码率,CBR可以更容易的使用这样的信道。但是CBR不适合进行存储,因为CBR将导致没有足够的码率对复杂的内容部分进行编码(从而导致质量下降),同时在简单的内容部分会浪费一些码率。

大部分编码方案的输出都是可变长的码字,例如霍夫曼编码或者游程编码(run-length coding),这使得编码器很难做到完美的CBR。编码器可以通过调整量化(进而调整编码质量)来部分的解决这个问题,如果同时使用填充码来完美的达到CBR。(有时候,CBR也指一种非常简单的编码方案,比如将一个16位精度的音频数据流通过抽样得到一个8位精度的数据流)

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恒定码率
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