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始三角龙属

始三角龙属
化石时期:上白垩纪,68–67.6 Ma
始三角龙的颅骨化石
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龙总目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
科: 角龙科 Ceratopsidae
亚科: 开角龙亚科 Chasmosaurinae
族: 三角龙族 Triceratopsini
属: 始三角龙属 Eotriceratops
Wu, Brinkman, Eberth & Braman, 2007
模式种
荒漠始三角龙
Eotriceratops xerinsularis

Wu, Brrinkman, Eberth & Braman, 2007
始三角龙(左)、三角龙(右)与人类的体型比较图
始三角龙的头颅骨
始三角龙(A.)、五角龙(B.)、三角龙(C.)的头骨比较图。始三角龙的眼眶、喙状嘴类似五角龙。始三角龙的额角弯曲程度类似五角龙。始三角龙的头盾长于三角龙,两者的头盾都为实心

始三角龙属学名Eotriceratops)是角龙科恐龙的一,生存于上白垩纪时期。牠们的化石是被发现于马蹄峡谷地层,约6760万年前。头骨长度约为3米[1]。根据头骨来推测,其身体可能有12米长[2],另一份保守的估计值则为9米[3];但不管如何,都是角龙科里面体型最大的一个属。

模式种荒漠始三角龙E. xerinsularis),是在2007年由吴晓春等人描述及命名,属名意为“早期的三角龙[1]。种名意为“干旱地”,意指化石发现处的干岛水牛跳峡谷省立公园。

叙述

[编辑]

始三角龙的化石是一个不完整的身体骨骼、部分头颅骨,关节呈脱落状态,发现于加拿大亚伯达省南部的干岛水牛跳峡谷省立公园。根据现有头颅骨化石,始三角龙具有小型鼻角、大型额角,类似其近亲三角龙。至于身体部分,已发现数节颈椎背椎、数个肋骨。因为化石发现于质地易碎的页岩层,其中许多化石被严重压碎[1]。与其他开角龙亚科相比,始三角龙的头颅骨有许多独特特征,颧角特别明显,颈盾缘骨突(Epoccipital)延长、平坦,类似牛角龙前上颌骨鼻骨的接触面有明显的垂直隆脊,这是最独特的特征,其他近亲并没有这个特征。某些三角龙化石具有类似的垂直隆脊,但并没有那么明显[1]。眼睛上方的额角向前弯曲,长约80公分。这个化石的左侧额角基部,有个疑似咬痕的痕迹[1]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Wu, X-C.; Brinkman, D.B.; Eberth, D.A.; Braman, D.R. A new ceratopsid dinosaur (Ornithischia) from the uppermost Horseshoe Canyon Formation (upper Maastrichtian), Alberta, Canada.. Canadian Journal of Earth Science. 2007., 44 (9): 1243–1265. 
  2. ^ White, R. and Reilly, T. (2007), "Dino's got head the size of car." The Sun, 8 November 2007. Accessed online 26 May 2008, http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/article516666.ece页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  3. ^ Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages (PDF). Random House. 2008: pg 52, updated appendix [2008-10-04]. ISBN 0375824197. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-06-15). 
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始三角龙属
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