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唯识四分

唯识四分,佛教术语,瑜伽行唯识学派护法学系的理论,是指相分见分自证分证自证分四种的作用。[1]
有情的识总共有八个,称为八识心王。分是功能差别分限的意思,识的四分即是指诸识四种作用。

  • 相分:,意谓被所取、所认识对象的行相境界,所以又作所取分。有所缘的意涵,乃是被主体的心王所认识的对象(客体)。[2]
  • 见分:“见分”即是认识、照知“相分”之作用。见,意谓所具有能取、能见、能照、所认识对象之行相境界,所以又作能取分;有能缘的意涵,乃是能认识对象(客体)之主体(即诸识之能缘的作用)。
  • 自证分:为相分、见分所依,可亲证见分,即有主观性的能力,能更深一层见到(证到)原来的见分。
  • 证自证分:能缘、统摄自证分,证到更深一层的主观性、认识力,哲学称之为最高主观统摄力。

参考文献

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  1. ^ 《成唯识论》
  2. ^ 《成唯识论》卷2:“阿赖耶识因缘力故自体生时。内变为种及有根身。外变为器。即以所变为自所缘。行相仗之而得起故。此中了者谓异熟识于自所缘有了别用。此了别用见分所摄。然有漏识自体生时。皆似所缘能缘相现。彼相应法应知亦尔。似所缘相说名相分。似能缘相说名见分。若心心所无所缘相。应不能缘自所缘境。或应一一能缘一切。自境如余余如自故。若心心所无能缘相应不能缘。如虚空等。或虚空等亦是能缘。故心心所必有二相。” (CBETA, T31, no. 1585, p. 10, a17-28)
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唯识四分
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