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单弦

单弦牌子曲(含岔曲)
中华人民共和国
国家级非物质文化遗产
申报地区或单位北京市歌舞剧院有限责任公司
北京市西城区
分类曲艺
序号742
编号项目Ⅴ—49
登录2008年

单弦是在中国华北和东北流行的一种曲艺形式,在华东和西南的城市中也有影响。[1]

历史

单弦起源于清代满族八旗子弟自娱的一种演唱,起初是用三弦自弹自唱,所以称为“单”弦。唱腔通常是现成的曲牌联唱,以曲头开始,以曲尾结尾,中间有各种曲牌,基本是六句体,但中间也可以灵活地加各种“垛句”、“衬句”。

单弦后来了逐渐完善,成为一人弹三弦伴奏,艺人手持八角鼓演唱。八角鼓是一种小手鼓,木框,上有洞,中间镶上一种形似小镲的小组铃,表面蒙皮,一手持鼓,在演唱间歇用另一只手指有节奏地敲打鼓皮,和伴奏协调。

以单弦的唱腔和曲牌为基础,发展出一种戏剧叫曲剧。

表演者

单弦表演者分为子弟票友和专业演员,其中著名演员有荣剑尘谢芮芝常澍田、谭凤元、曹宝禄、赵玉明魏喜奎马增蕙等;著名票友有李迫鹏、高家兰、刘耀东、章学楷、刘富权、律承荣等。

参考文献

  1. ^ 李治亭主编; 干志耿, 王佩环, 孙玉良等副主编. 关东文化大辞典. 沈阳: 辽宁教育出版社. 1993. 

Template:老北京城

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单弦
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