蟋蟀
蟋蟀 | |
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| 黄斑黑蟋蟀（Gryllus bimaculatus） | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
| 纲： | 昆虫纲 Insecta |
| 目： | 直翅目 Orthoptera |
| 亚目： | 剑尾亚目 Ensifera |
| 下目： | 蟋蟀下目 Gryllidea |
| 总科： | 蟋蟀总科 Grylloidea |
| 科： | 蟋蟀科 Gryllidae Laicharting, 1781[1] |
| 亚科 | |
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| 异名 | |
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下级分类
蟋蟀科包括以下属：[4]
- Abaxitrella Gorochov, 2002
- Abmisha Otte, 1987
- Acanthogryllus Saussure, 1877
- 甲蟋属 Acanthoplistus Saussure, 1877
- Acheta Fabricius, 1775
- Achetomorpha Gorochov, 2019
- Acophogryllus Gorochov, 1996
- Acroneuroptila Baccetti, 1960
- Acrophonus Bolívar, 1910
- Adenophallusia de Mello & de Camargo E Mello, 1996
- Adenopterus Chopard, 1951
- Aenigmaphonus Gorochov, 2010
- Afroteleogryllus Gorochov, 1988
- Afrotruljalia Gorochov, 2005
- Agnotecous Saussure, 1878
- Agryllus Gorochov, 1994
- Ahldreva Otte, 1988
- Ajorama Otte, 1988
- Allogryllus Chopard, 1925
- Allopterites Cockerell, 1920
- Allotrella Gorochov, 2006
- Amblyrhethus Kirby, 1906
- Amnesibulus Gorochov, 2003
- Anaudus Saussure, 1874
- Andeogryllus Cadena-Castañeda, 2021
- Angolagryllus Otte, 1994
- Angustitrella Gorochov, 2011
- Anisotrypus Saussure, 1878
- Antillicharis Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Antillobinthus Yong & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020
- Anurogryllus Saussure, 1877
- Apedina Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Apentacentrus Chopard, 1934
- Aphasius Saussure, 1878
- Aphemogryllus Rehn, 1918
- 长须蟋属 Aphonoides Chopard, 1940
- Aphonomorphus Rehn, 1903
- Apiculatus Yuan et al., 2022
- Apiotarsoides Chopard, 1931
- Apiotarsus Saussure, 1877
- Apterocryncus Gorochov, 1990
- Apterogryllus Saussure, 1877
- Apterosvercus Gorochov, 1992
- Araripegryllus Martins-Neto, 1987
- Archenopterus Otte, 1987
- Arilpa Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Aritella Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Arrakis Robillard, Tan & Su, 2024[5]
- 静蟋属 Asonicogryllus He, 2019
- Astriduleva Gorochov, 2016
- Astrupia Otte, 1987
- Asymmetriola Gorochov, 2010
- Atrella Gorochov, 2003
- Atruljalia Gorochov, 1988
- Atrullus Gorochov, 2001
- Atsigryllus Cadena-Castañeda & Tíjaro, 2020
- Avdrenia Otte, 1988
- Barota Gorochov, 2017
- Bejorama Otte, 1988
- 贝蟋属 Beybienkoana Gorochov, 1988
- Birmanioecanthus Yuan et al., 2022
- Birubia Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Bofana Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Bornitara Gorochov, 1997
- Brachyteleogryllus Gorokhov, 1985
- Brachytrupes Serville, 1838
- Brasilodontus de Mello, 1992
- Brazitrypa Gorochov, 2011
- Brevimunda Gorochov, 2007
- Brevitrella Gorochov, 2004
- Brontogryllus Martins-Neto, 1991
- Buangina Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Burrianus Chopard, 1962
- 短翅蟋属 Callogryllus Sjöstedt, 1910
- Calscirtus Otte, 1987
- Calyptotrella Gorochov, 2002
- 穴蟋属 Calyptotrypus Saussure, 1878
- 毛蟋属 Capillogryllus Xie, Zheng & Liang, 2003
- 弯脉蟋属 Cardiodactylus Saussure, 1878
- Carylla Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Cearacesa Koçak & Kemal, 2010
- Centuriarus Robillard, 2011
- Cephalogryllus Chopard, 1925
- Clearidas Stål, 1876
- Coiblemmus Chopard, 1936
- Comidoblemmus Storozhenko & Paik, 2009
- Conatrullus Gorochov, 2001
- Conoblemmus Adelung, 1910
- Conogryllus Gorochov, 2001
- 聋蟋属 Cophogryllus Saussure, 1877
- Copholandrevus Chopard, 1925
- Corixogryllus Bolívar, 1900
- Cratogryllus Martins-Neto, 1991
- Creolandreva Hugel, 2009
- Crockeriola Gorochov & Kostia, 1999
- Cryncoides Gorochov, 1988
- Crynculus Gorochov, 1996
- Cryncus Gorochov, 1983
- Cylindrogryllus Saussure, 1878
- Cyrtoprosopus Chopard, 1951
- Cyrtoxipha Saussure, 1873
- Daintria Otte, 1994
- Damaracheta Otte, 1987
- Danielottea Koçak & Kemal, 2009
- Deinutona Gorochov, 2008
- Depressogryllus Gorochov, 1988
- Depressotrella Gorochov, 2005
- Diatrellius Gorochov, 2003
- Diatrypa Saussure, 1874
- Dicerorostrum Gorochov, 2017
- Dinomunda Gorochov, 2007
- Discoptila Pantel, 1890
- Discozacla Gorokhov, 2003
- Dolichogryllus Bolívar, 1910
- Doroshenkoa Gorochov, 2004
- Drelanvus Chopard, 1930
- 幽兰蟋属 Duolandrevus Kirby, 1906
- Ectodrelanva Gorochov, 2000
- Ectotrypa Saussure, 1874
- Eleva Otte, 1988
- Endodrelanva Gorochov, 2000
- Endolandrevus Saussure, 1877
- Eneoptera Burmeister, 1838
- Eneopteroides Chopard, 1956
- Eneopterotrypus Zeuner, 1937
- Eogryllus Gorochov, 2012
- Eopentacentrus Gorochov, 2010
- Eubezverkhovia Gorochov & Izerskyy, 2020
- Eugialaia Gorochov, 2001
- Eugryllodes Chopard, 1927
- 优兰蟋属 Eulandrevus Gorochov, 1988
- Eumadasumma Chopard, 1934
- Eumodicogryllus Gorochov, 1986
- Eupodoscirtus Gorochov, 2004
- Eurepa Walker, 1869
- Eurepella Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Eurygryllodes Chopard, 1951
- Euscyrtodes Gorochov, 1987
- 纤蟋属 Euscyrtus Guérin-Méneville, 1844
- Exomunda Gorochov, 2007
- Faguagryllus Cadena-Castañeda, 2011
- Fanzus Zessin, 2019
- Fijina Otte, 1988
- Fodigryllus He, 2022
- Fryerius Uvarov, 1940
- Furcimunda Gorochov, 2007
- Furcitrella Gorochov, 2002
- Ganoblemmus Karsch, 1893
- Gialaia Gorochov, 1994
- Gigagryllus Cadena-Castañeda & García García, 2020
- Ginidra Otte, 1988
- Glandulosa Harz, 1979
- Gnominthus Robillard & Vicente, 2015
- 哑蟋属 Goniogryllus Chopard, 1936
- Grossoxipha Vickery & Poinar Jr., 1994
- Gryllaphonus Chopard, 1951
- Gryllapterus Bolívar, 1912
- Gryllidium Westwood, 1854
- Gryllita Hebard, 1935
- Gryllitara Chopard, 1932
- Gryllodeicus Chopard, 1939
- Grylloderes Bolívar, 1894
- 灶蟋属 Gryllodes Saussure, 1874
- Gryllodinus Bolívar, 1927
- Gryllomimus Chopard, 1936
- Gryllomorpha Fieber, 1853
- Gryllomorphella Gorokhov, 1984
- Gryllophyllus Gorochov, 2017
- 干蟋属 Gryllopsis Chopard, 1928
- Gryllospeculum Gorochov, 1985
- 蟋蟀属 Gryllus Linnaeus, 1758
- 裸蟋属 Gymnogryllus Saussure, 1877
- Hapithoides Hebard, 1928
- Hapithus Uhler, 1864
- Hemigryllus Saussure, 1877
- Hemilandreva Chopard, 1936
- Hemiphonoides Chopard, 1951
- Hemiphonus Saussure, 1878
- Hemitrella Gorochov, 2003
- Hemitruljalia Gorochov, 2005
- Hemitrullus Gorochov, 2001
- Heterecous Saussure, 1897
- Hispanogryllus Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Holoblemmus Bolívar, 1925
- Homaloblemmus Saussure, 1877
- Homalogryllus Chopard, 1925
- Homalotrypus Brancsik, 1895
- Hymenoptila Chopard, 1943
- Idiotrella Gorochov, 2002
- Indigryllus Robillard & Jaiswara, 2019
- Indotrella Gorochov, 2003
- Insulascirtus Otte & Rentz, 1985
- 额蟋属 Itara Walker, 1869
- Itarogryllus Gorochov, 2020
- Itaropsis Chopard, 1925
- Jabulania Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Jarawasia Koçak & Kemal, 2008
- Jareta Otte, 1988
- Jorama Otte, 1988
- Julverninthus Robillard & Su, 2018
- Kazuemba de Mello, 1990
- Kilimagryllus Sjöstedt, 1910
- Knyella Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Kotama Otte, 1988
- Kurtguentheria Gorochov, 1996
- Laminogryllus Gorochov, 2003
- 兰蟋属 Landreva Walker, 1869
- Lasiogryllus Chopard, 1930
- Laurellia Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Laureopsis Jaiswara, 2017
- Laurepa Walker, 1869
- 雷蟋属 Lebinthus Stål, 1877
- Lebussa Walker, 1869
- Leleja Gorochov, 2016
- Lenigryllus Chopard, 1961
- Lepidogryllus Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Leptogryllus Perkins, 1899
- Liaonemobius Ren, 1998
- Ligypterus Saussure, 1878
- Liogryllus de Saussure, 1877
- Lissoblemmus Bolivar, 1881
- Lissotrachelus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
- Lithogryllites Cockerell, 1908
- Litogryllus Hebard, 1926
- Loxoblemmus Saussure, 1877
- Macrobinthus Robillard & Dong, 2016
- Macrogryllus Saussure, 1877
- Macroteleogryllus Gorokhov, 1985
- 玛玳蟋属 Madasumma Walker, 1869
- Majialandrevus He, 2021
- Malawitrella Gorochov, 2021
- Malgasotrella Gorochov, 2004
- Maluagryllus Otte, 1994
- Margarettia Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Matuanus Gorochov, 1986
- Maxitara Gorochov, 2001
- Mayumbella Otte, 1987
- Megalogryllus Chopard, 1930
- Megatrella Gorochov, 2002
- 黑蟋属 Melanogryllus Chopard, 1961
- Mellogryllus Cadena-Castañeda, Tavares & Fernandes, 2022
- Menatgryllus Schubnel, Desutter-Grandcolas, Garrouste, Hervet & Nel, 2020
- Menonia George, 1936
- Meristoblemmus Jones & Chopard, 1936
- Merrinella Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Mesoblemmus Bolivar, 1925
- Mexigryllus Gorochov, 2019
- Mexitrypa Gorochov, 2011
- Micritara Gorochov, 1997
- Microbinthus Robillard & Dong, 2016
- Microlandreva Chopard, 1958
- Mimicogryllus Gorochov, 1994
- Minizacla Gorokhov, 2003
- Miogryllae Cadena-Castaneda & Garcia Garcia, 2020
- Miogryllus Saussure, 1877
- Mirigryllus He, 2019
- Miripella Robillard, Tan & Su, 2024[5]
- Mirolotmia Gorochov, 2021
- Mistshenkoana Gorochov, 1990
- 素蟋属 Mitius Gorochov, 1985
- Mitroblemmus Bolivar, 1925
- Mjobergella Chopard, 1925
- 阔胫蟋属 Mnesibulus Stål, 1877
- 姬蟋属 Modicogryllus Chopard, 1961
- Modicoides Otte & Cade, 1984
- Mombasina Otte, 1987
- Mongolospeculum Gorochov, 1985
- 美黛蟋属 Munda Stål, 1877
- Mundeicus Chopard, 1951
- Myara Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Najtaecesa Desutter-Grandcolas, 2017
- Nanaripegryllus Martins-Neto, 2002
- Natalogryllus Gorochov & Mostovski, 2008
- Nemobiodes Chopard, 1917
- Nemobiopsis Bolívar, 1890
- 新灶蟋属 Neogryllodes Otte, 1994
- Neogryllopsis Otte, 1983
- Neotrellius Gorochov, 1992
- Neova Otte, 1988
- Neoxabea Kirby, 1906
- Neozvenella Gorochov, 2004
- Nessa Walker, 1869
- Ngamarlanguia Rentz & Su, 1996
- 墨蟋属 Nigrogryllus Gorochov, 1983
- Nimbagryllus Otte, 1987
- Nisitrus Saussure, 1878
- Noctitara Gorochov, 1997
- Noctitrella Gorochov, 1990
- Notosciobia Chopard, 1915
- Ocellonemobius Gorokhov, 1984
- Odontogryllodes Chopard, 1969
- Odontogryllodes angulatus Gorochov, 2016
- Odontogryllodes brevicauda Chopard, 1969
- Odontogryllodes gratus Tan & Kamaruddin, 2016
- Odontogryllodes latus Chopard, 1969
- Odontogryllodes magnus Tan, Japir & Chung, 2024[6]
- Odontogryllodes rotundatus Gorochov, 2016
- Odontogryllodes spinifer Tan, Japir, Chung & Robillard, 2022
- Odontogryllodes stenus Gorochov, 2000
- Odontogryllus Saussure, 1877
- Oecanthodes Toms & Otte, 1988
- Oecanthus Serville, 1831
- Oediblemmus Saussure, 1898
- Oligacheta Chopard, 1961
- Ombrotrella Gorochov, 2006
- Omogryllus Otte, 1987
- Ontogryllus Gorochov, 2019
- Oreolandreva Chopard, 1945
- Orthoxiphus Saussure, 1899
- Osus Gorokhov, 1987
- Otteana Gorochov, 1990
- Ovaliptila Gorochov, 2006
- Ovaloptila Gorochov, 2006
- Pachyaphonus Chopard, 1954
- Papava Otte, 1988
- Paputona Gorochov, 2008
- Paralandrevus Saussure, 1877
- Paraloxoblemmus Karny, 1907
- Parametioche Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Parametrypa Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1873
- Paranaudus Saussure, 1878
- Paranaxipha Chopard, 1925
- Paranisitra Chopard, 1925
- Paranurogryllus Mesa & García-Novo, 1999
- 拟长蟋属 Parapentacentrus Shiraki, 1930
- Paraphasius Chopard, 1927
- Paraphonus Hebard, 1928
- Parasciobia Chopard, 1935
- Parasongella Otte, 1987
- Paroecanthus Saussure, 1859
- Patiscodes Gorochov, 1988
- 长额蟋属 Patiscus Stål, 1877
- Peltia Gorochov, 1986
- Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969
- Pendleburyella eirmosa Tan, Muhammad & Wahab, 2023
- Pendleburyella eremita Tan, Japir & Chung, 2024[7]
- Pendleburyella pimela Tan, Muhammad & Wahab, 2023
- Pendleburyella testacea Chopard, 1969
- Pendleburyella vicina Chopard, 1969
- Pentacentrodes Bolívar, 1910
- 长蟋属 Pentacentrus Saussure, 1878
- Peratrullus Gorochov, 2001
- Perugryllus Jaiswara, 2017
- Perutrella Gorochov, 2011
- Petaloptila Pantel, 1890
- Pezoloxoblemmus Karny, 1907
- Phaephilacris
- Phantazacla Gorokhov, 2003
- Pherodactylus Poinar Jr., Su & Brown, 2020
- Pholeogryllus Chopard, 1923
- 音蟋属 Phonarellus Gorochov, 1983
- Phormincter Saussure, 1878
- Phyllogryllus Saussure, 1878
- 叶蟋属 Phyllotrella Gorochov, 1988
- Picinguaba Mello, 1990
- Pictonenbius
- Pictorina Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Pixibinthus Robillard & Anso, 2016
- Pixipterus Desutter-Grandcolas, 2016
- Platyblemmus Audinet-Serville, 1838
- Platygryllus Chopard, 1961
- 铂蟋属 Plebeiogryllus Randell, 1964
- 雨蟋属 Pluviam He, Ma & Zhang, 2021
- Podogryllus Karsch, 1893
- Podoscirtodes Chopard, 1956
- Podoscirtus Serville, 1838
- Poliogryllus Gorochov, 1984
- Poliotrella Gorochov, 1988
- Ponca Hebard, 1928
- Posus Bolívar, 1890
- Proanaxipha Vickery & Poinar Jr., 1994
- Proararipegryllus Gorochov & Coram, 2022
- Prodiatrypa Desutter-Grandcolas, 1988
- Proecanthus Sharov, 1968
- Proeneopterotrypus Gorochov, 2019
- Prognathogryllus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1895
- Progoniogryllus Ma, Jing & Zheng, 2021
- Prolandreva Gorochov, 2005
- Pronemobius Scudder, 1890
- Protomunda Gorochov, 2007
- Proturana Otte, 1987
- Prozvenella Gorochov, 2002
- Pseudocoiblemmus Gorochov, 2001
- Pseudolebinthus Robillard, 2006
- 伪玛玳蟋属 Pseudomadasumma Shiraki, 1930
- Pseudotruljalia Gorochov, 2005
- Pseudounka Gorochov, 2008
- 秦蟋属 Qingryllus Chen & Zheng, 1995
- Regoza Gorochov & Kostia, 1999
- Repapa Otte, 1988
- Rhabdotogryllus Chopard, 1954
- Riatina Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Rufocephalus Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Rugabinthus Robillard & Tan, 2022
- Rupilius Stål, 1876
- Sabelo Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Salmanites Chopard, 1951
- Scapsipedoides Chopard, 1936
- Scapsipedus Saussure, 1877
- Scepastus Gerstaecker, 1863
- Sciobia Burmeister, 1838
- 铁蟋属 Sclerogryllus Gorochov, 1985
- Selvagryllus Otte, 2006
- Semaphorellus Gorochov, 1983
- Sharovella Gorochov, 1985
- Siccotrella Gorochov, 2011
- Sigagryllus Otte & Cade, 1984
- Sigeva Otte, 1988
- Singapuriola Gorochov & Tan, 2012
- Singitara Gorochov, 1997
- Sipho Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Solepa Otte, 1988
- Somnambula Gorochov, 2017
- Songella Otte, 1987
- 隐蟋属 Sonotrella Gorochov, 1988
- Sphecogryllus Chopard, 1933
- Spinogryllus Vasanth, 1993
- Spinolandrevus Gorochov, 1999
- Spinotrella Gorochov, 2004
- Spiraphonus Gorochov, 2010
- Squamigryllus Gorochov, 2001
- Stenaphonus Saussure, 1878
- Stenoecanthus Chopard, 1912
- Stenogryllodes Chopard, 1936
- Stenogryllus Saussure, 1878
- Stenotrella Gorochov, 2005
- Stephoblemmus Saussure, 1877
- Stilbogryllus Gorochov, 1983
- Stilbonemobius Gorochov, 1984
- Striduleva Gorochov, 2016
- Sulawemina Gorochov, 2016
- Surdolandrevus Gorochov, 2003
- Sutepia Otte, 1988
- Svercacheta Gorochov, 1993
- Svercoides Gorochov, 1990
- Svercus Gorochov, 1988
- Swezwilderia Chopard, 1929
- Taciturna Otte, 1987
- Tafalisca Walker, 1869
- Tamborina Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Tapinopus Saussure, 1878
- 大蟋属 Tarbinskiellus Gorochov, 1983
- Taroba de Mello & Souza-Dias, 2010
- 悍蟋属 Tartarogryllus Tarbinsky, 1940
- 油葫芦属 Teleogryllus Chopard, 1961
- Thaumatogryllus Perkins, 1899
- Thiernogryllus Roy, 1969
- Thliptoblemmus Saussure, 1898
- Titanogryllus Jaiswara, Souza-Dias, Desutter-Grandcolas & de Mello, 2018
- Tozeria Otte & Alexander, 1983
- 碲蟋属 Trelleora Gorochov, 1988
- Trichogryllus Chopard, 1936
- Trigonidomimus Caudell, 1912
- 片蟋属 Truljalia Gorochov, 1985
- Trullus Gorochov, 1999
- Tugainus Gorochov, 1986
- Tumpalia Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Turana Otte & Alexander, 1983
- 特蟋属 Turanogryllus Tarbinsky, 1940
- Tympanogryllus Gorochov, 2001
- Ultratrella Gorochov, 2004
- Umbulgaria Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Unka Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Utona Gorochov, 1986
- Valchica de Mello, 1992
- 维蟋属 Valiatrella Gorochov, 2005
- Varitrella Gorochov, 2003
- Vasilia Gorochov, 1988
- Velapia Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- 斗蟋属 Velarifictorus Randell, 1964
- Veredatrypa Campos, 2020
- Vescelotrellius Gorochov, 1999
- Vietacheta Gorochov, 1992
- Viphyus Otte, 1988
- Walkerana Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
- Xabea Walker, 1869
- 金蟋属 Xenogryllus Bolívar, 1890
- Xuanwua He & Gorochov, 2015
- Xulavuna de Mello & Campos, 2014
- Yarrita Otte & Alexander, 1983
- Yarrubura de Mello & Campos, 2014
- Zamunda Gorochov, 2007
- Zatrellius Gorochov, 1999
- Zebragryllus Desutter-Grandcolas & Cadena-Castañeda, 2014
- 茨尾蟋属 Zvenella Gorochov, 1988
- Zvenellomorpha Gorochov, 2004
与蝗虫、螽斯的分别
蟋蟀与蝗虫、螽斯皆为直翅目昆虫，蝈蝈是指螽斯，蛐蛐是指蟋蟀，但体态仍有不同之处：
- 蝗虫的触角最短，螽斯的触角又比蟋蟀更长。螽斯的触角长度甚至比身体更长。
- 蟋蟀和螽斯是依靠翅膀的摩擦发声。但蟋蟀右翅叠在左翅上，螽斯左翅往往叠在右翅上面。蝗虫则以其后腿摩擦翅膀发出声音。
- 蝗虫和螽斯生活于草地、草丛间，有绿色和褐色二种，蟋蟀生活于地面石砾间，颜色趋于暗褐色。
文化
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中国有把蟋蟀作为宠物养在小笼子里的文化，在西班牙、葡萄牙亦然，南宋《西湖老人繁盛录》载：“促织盛出，都民好养，或以银丝为笼，或作楼台为笼，……”。更有人用蟋蟀作为其他食肉类动物的饲料。
中国最早有《诗经》“十月蟋蟀，入我床下”的描写。在中国等国家流行斗蟋蟀为乐，唐朝《开元天宝遗事》记载：“宫中秋兴，妃妾辈皆以小金笼贮蟋蟀，置于枕畔，夜听其声，庶民之家亦效之”。顾逢《负曝杂录·禽虫善斗》条云： “父老传：斗蛩亦始于天宝间。长安富人镂象牙为笼而畜之。以万金之资，付之一啄。其来远矣。”。宋朝宰相贾似道整日和群妾蹲跪在地上斗蟋蟀，《类书纂要》曰：“贾似道于半闲堂斗蟋蟀。”更荒唐者贾还带蟋蟀上朝议政，甚至曾经发生蟋蟀自贾水袖内跳出，最后竟跳黏到皇帝胡须上闹剧；贾似道还编写了一本“促织经”[8]，讲述自己养蟋蟀和斗蟋蟀的经验，《促织三拗》云：“赢叫输不叫，一也；雌上雄背，二也；过蜑有力，三也。”，昆虫学史专家邹树文称：“这个对于蟋蟀交配习性的发现不论其是宋或明，其记述之早均可称述。”[9]《促织经》也是世界研究蟋蟀的第一部专著[10]。
明朝斗蟋蟀的风气最盛，宣宗朱瞻基时家家户户皆捕养促织，斗促织场也比比皆是。沈德符《万历野获编》载：“吴越浪子，有酷此戏，每赌胜负，辄数百金，至有破家者”。吕毖《明朝小史》记清秋吟蟋蟀，早闻物华两个黄鹂鸣“宣宗酷爱促织之戏，遣使取之偶之意，又是博物史不记其斗蟋江南，价贵至数十金。枫桥一粮等等。贾似道华博之有人”。
清朝蒲松龄所写《促织》为宣德皇帝寻蟋蟀；王应奎《柳南续笔》卷一《蟋蟀相公》条称：“马士英在弘光朝，为人极似贾积壑，其声色货利无一不同。羽书仓皇，犹以斗蟋蟀为戏，一时目为‘蟋蟀相公’。”
当代熊召政的《张居正》第二十九回曾以大量的篇幅描写当时的盛况，并提到调养之法：“用篱落上断节虫，再配上扁担虫，一起烘干研和喂之，再用姜汁浓茶配以铜壶中浸过三日的童便作为饮品，如此调养七日，黑寡妇仍骁勇如初”。
还有地方将生蟋蟀当作小吃供人食用。在泰国、柬埔寨等国家，也有将蟋蟀用油炸的烹饪方式制成食品。[11][12]
中国大陆一些城市有专门的蟋蟀协会，组织斗蟋大赛。
台湾的台南市新化区丰荣里，当地居民每年都会利用学校放暑假时，举办热闹的“斗蟋蟀”大赛。
蟋蟀也是肉食性两爬和宠物鸟的主食。
蟋蟀书籍
参考资料
- ^ Family Gryllidae (Laicharting, 1781). Orthoptera Species File. [2015-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-08）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 蒋宗孚. 神采飞扬斗“蹔𧉆”. 新民晚报. 2012-09-19 [2014-08-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-02）.
暂𧉆【she jik】。暂，《玉篇》走部才滥切：“暂，超忽而疾也。𧉆，《广韵》入声质韵资悉切：“暂𧉆，蜻蛚别名。《诗经·唐风》疏：“蟋蟀，一名蜻蛚。”
- ^ 蟋蟀温度表 - 人民教育出版社网，小学科学实验. [2010-09-25]. （原始内容存档于2007-11-09）.
- ^ Gryllidae. GBIF. [2023-07-05]. （原始内容存档于2023-04-01）.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Shilin He, You Ning Su, Ming Kai Tan, Andreas Zwick, Ben H. Warren and Tony Robillard. 2024. Museomics, Molecular Phylogeny and Systematic Revision of the Eurepini Crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae), with Description of Two New Genera. Systematic Entomology. DOI: 10.1111/syen.12622
- ^ Ming Kai Tan, Amira Aqilah Muhammad, Nurul Ashikin Abdullah, Razy Japir and Arthur Y.C. Chung. 2024. A Taxonomic Review of Odontogryllodes Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae: Landrevinae). Zootaxa. 5410(2); 267-279. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5410.2.7
- ^ Ming Kai Tan, Razy Japir and Arthur Y.C. Chung. 2024. New Species of the elusive crickets from the Genus Pendleburyella Chopard, 1969 (Gryllidae, Pentacentrinae) from Sabah, Borneo. Zootaxa. 5397(2); 264-272. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5397.2.7
- ^ 喻长霖《民国台州府志·艺文略》（卷七十三）载：“《促织经》，宋贾似道撰。似道有《奇奇集》，已著录是书。见《千顷堂书目》及倪灿《宋史·艺文略补》。”
- ^ 《中国昆虫学史》147页
- ^ 周琦：〈《促织经》：世界第一部关于蟋蟀研究的昆虫学专著〉
- ^ 柬埔寨人把蟋蟀当作头等小吃(图)，新浪网. [2010-09-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-08）.
- ^ 昆虫食客 - 华尔街日报专栏文章. [2010-09-25]. （原始内容存档于2010-09-25）.
参考文献
- Gorochov, Andrej V.; Mostovski, Mike B. Apterous Crickets of the Tribe Gryllini from South Africa and Namibia (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). African Invertebrates. 2008-06, 49 (1): 109-121 [2022-11-12]. ISSN 1681-5556. doi:10.5733/afin.049.0103. （原始内容存档于2022-11-12）.
- Ryan, Lisa Gail. Insect Musicians & Cricket Champions: A Cultural History of Singing Insects in China and Japan. China Books. 1996. ISBN 978-0-8351-2576-5 （英语）.
- Huber, Franz; Moore, Thomas Edwin; Loher, Werner. Cricket Behavior and Neurobiology. Cornell University Press. 1989 [2022-11-12]. ISBN 978-0-8014-2272-0. （原始内容存档于2022-11-12） （英语）.
外部链接
- 台南县政府观光旅游网“新化斗蟋蟀”
- The cricket suicide
- Intro on house crickets
- Singing Insects of North America An online field guide
- house cricket（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
- tropical house cricket（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
- field crickets, Gryllus spp.（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
- Web article: The recent evolution of a population of silent Hawaiian crickets（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） WhyFiles.org
- "Tuning in to Cricket Radio"（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, John Himmelman, Berfrois（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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