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亚磷酸

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亚磷酸
识别
CAS号 13598-36-2  checkY
ChemSpider 1044925910459438 (17O3)
SMILES
 
  • OP(=O)O
InChI
 
  • 1/H3O3P/c1-4(2)3/h4H,(H2,1,2,3)
InChIKey ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYAF
ChEBI 44976
RTECS SZ6400000
KEGG C06701
性质
化学式 H3PO3
摩尔质量 82.00 g/mol g·mol⁻¹
外观 无色固体
潮解
密度 1.651 g/cm3 (21 °C)
熔点 73.6 °C(347 K)
沸点 200 °C(473 K)
溶解性 可溶310 g/100 mL
溶解性 溶于酒精
pKa 1.1, 6.7
磁化率 −42.5·10−6 cm3/mol
结构
分子构型 四面体
危险性
警示术语 R:R22-R35
安全术语 S:S26-S36/37/39-S45
主要危害 刺激性
NFPA 704
0
2
1
 
相关物质
相关化学品 H3PO4H3PO2
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

亚磷酸,分子式 H3PO3,是磷的其中一种含氧酸,是二元弱酸。另外还有磷酸(H3PO4)和次磷酸(H3PO2)。

亚磷酸的酸酐三氧化二磷

P4O6 + 6H2O → 4HP(O)(OH)2

互变异构

H3PO3 以HP(O)(OH)2这种形式描述比较好。此物质会与P(OH)3形成平衡。磷酸类的H经常会被其他物质所取代。在固态时,HP(O)(OH)2四面体结构, P=O 键长为 1.48 Å , P-O(H) 键长为 1.54 Å

制备

虽然磷酸容易取得,但大多将三氯化磷溶至水中或水蒸气中以制备亚磷酸:

PCl3 + 3H2O → HP(O)(OH)2 + 3HCl

参考资料

  • Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. “Inorganic Chemistry.” Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
  • D. E. C. Corbridge. “Phosphorus: An Outline of its Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Technology.” 5th ed. Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISBN 0-444-89307-5.
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亚磷酸
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