For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 中子星碰撞.

中子星碰撞

2017年8月17日,因两颗中子星碰撞而发生的重力波GW170817)事件(影片00:23处,艺术家想像)[1][2][3]

中子星碰撞(英语:Neutron Star collision),又称中子星合并中子星并合Neutron star merger),是一种恒星碰撞,其发生方式类似于两颗白矮星合并所致的Ia超新星。当两颗中子星紧密地相互绕行时,它们会因为引力辐射的关系而随着时间的推移向内旋转英语Orbital decay,最终会发生碰撞,并形成更大质量的中子星或黑洞(会变成哪种情况取决于残余物的质量是否超过欧本海默极限)。该碰撞可以在1~2毫秒的时间内产生比地球强数万亿倍的磁场,同时还据信会产生短伽玛射线暴[4]。并合也被认为会产生复数的千新星[5]

已知的碰撞

两颗中子星并合的艺术绘图

2017年8月17日,激光干涉重力波天文台(LIGO)和室女座干涉仪(VIRGO)观察到一起重力波事件[6][7],代号为GW170817,发生缘由为位于长蛇座NGC 4993内的两颗中子星的合并。GW170817亦似乎与短(≈2秒长)伽玛射线暴GRB 170817A有关,其在GW信号发生后1.7秒被检测,并在约11小时后找到中子星碰撞产生的光学暂现源SSS17a[8][1][2][3][9]

GW170817与GRB 170817A在空间和时间上的联系强而有力地证明了中子星碰撞会产生短伽马射线爆发。之后又在两者发生的区域侦获到“斯沃普超新星巡天英语Swope Supernova Survey2017a”(SSS17a)[10]而这也成为中子星合并会产生千新星的有力证据。

2018年10月,天文学家2015年侦测到的伽马射线暴事件GRB 150101B英语GRB 150101B可能与GW170817直接相关[11]。两个事件之间的关联在于伽马射线、光学、X射线射出数量与两者所属星系的性质等方面[12]。这项发现令天文学家大为震惊,暗示该两个独立事件可能都是中子星碰撞的结果,另一种可能是两者都是千新星。研究人员表示这可能代表中子星碰撞在宇宙中并不罕见[13][14]。同样在2018年10月,科学家们提出可利用重力波事件(尤其是中子星碰撞事件)的信息来计算哈勃常数,以进一步确定膨胀宇宙英语Expansion of the universe的速率[15][16]

2019年4月,LIGO和Virgo重力波天文台宣布下一个候选事件为中子星碰撞的概率为99.94%。虽说如此,但两个团队之后进行了广泛的后续观察,但未发现任何相关的电磁波对应物[17][18] [19]。同样在2019年4月,兹威基瞬变设施英语Zwicky Transient Facility开始通过观测重力波追踪中子星事件[20]

XT2(磁星)

在2019,钱德拉X射线天文台的数据分析指出于66亿光年外有两颗中子星发生碰撞,并发出代码为XT2的X射线讯号。该碰撞产生出一颗磁星,其释出的电磁波能被侦测数小时[21]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Cho, Adrian. Merging neutron stars generate gravitational waves and a celestial light show. Science. 2017-10-16 [2017-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-18). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Landau, Elizabeth; Chou, Felicia; Washington, Dewayne; Porter, Molly. NASA Missions Catch First Light from a Gravitational-Wave Event. NASA. 2017-10-16 [2017-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-18). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Overbye, Dennis. LIGO Detects Fierce Collision of Neutron Stars for the First Time. The New York Times. 2017-10-16 [2017-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-16). 
  4. ^ Rosswog, Stephan. Astrophysics: Radioactive glow as a smoking gun. Nature. 2013, 500 (7464): 535–6. Bibcode:2013Natur.500..535R. PMID 23985867. doi:10.1038/500535a. 
  5. ^ Tanvir, N. R.; Levan, A. J.; Fruchter, A. S.; Hjorth, J.; Hounsell, R. A.; Wiersema, K.; Tunnicliffe, R. L. A 'kilonova' associated with the short-duration γ-ray burst GRB 130603B. Nature. 2013, 500 (7464): 547–9. Bibcode:2013Natur.500..547T. PMID 23912055. arXiv:1306.4971可免费查阅. doi:10.1038/nature12505. 
  6. ^ Abbott, B. P.; et al. GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral. Physical Review Letters. 2017-10-16, 119 (16): 161101. Bibcode:2017PhRvL.119p1101A. PMID 29099225. arXiv:1710.05832可免费查阅. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101. 
  7. ^ Scharping, Nathaniel. Gravitational Waves Show How Fast The Universe is Expanding. Astronomy. 2017-10-18 [2017-10-18]. (原始内容存档于2019-03-30). 
  8. ^ Abbott, B. P.; et al. Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. October 2017, 848 (2): L12 [2019-08-16]. Bibcode:2017ApJ...848L..12A. arXiv:1710.05833可免费查阅. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-10-26). The optical and near-infrared spectra over these few days provided convincing arguments that this transient was unlike any other discovered in extensive optical wide-field surveys over the past decade. 
  9. ^ Krieger, Lisa M. A Bright Light Seen Across The Universe, Proving Einstein Right - Violent collisions source of our gold, silver. 圣荷西信使报. 2017-10-16 [2017-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-16). 
  10. ^ Pan, Y.-C.; et al. The Old Host-galaxy Environment of SSS17a, the First Electromagnetic Counterpart to a Gravitational-wave Source. The Astrophysical Journal. 2017, 848 (2): L30. Bibcode:2017ApJ...848L..30P. arXiv:1710.05439可免费查阅. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa9116. 
  11. ^ All in the family: Kin of gravitational wave source discovered. EurekAlert! (新闻稿). University of Maryland. 2018-10-16 [2018-10-17]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-16). 
  12. ^ Troja, E.; et al. A luminous blue kilonova and an off-axis jet from a compact binary merger at z=0.1341. Nature Communications. 2018-10-16, 9: 4089 [2019-08-16]. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.4089T. PMC 6191439可免费查阅. PMID 30327476. arXiv:1806.10624可免费查阅. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06558-7. (原始内容存档于2019-05-14). 
  13. ^ Mohon, Lee. GRB 150101B: A Distant Cousin to GW170817. NASA. 2018-10-16 [2018-10-17]. (原始内容存档于2019-03-22). 
  14. ^ Wall, Mike. Powerful Cosmic Flash Is Likely Another Neutron-Star Merger. Space.com. 2018-10-17 [2018-10-17]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-17). 
  15. ^ Lerner, Louise. Gravitational waves could soon provide measure of universe's expansion. Phys.org. 2018-10-22 [2018-10-22]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-23). 
  16. ^ Chen, Hsin-Yu; Fishbach, Maya; Holz, Daniel E. A two per cent Hubble constant measurement from standard sirens within five years. Nature. 2018-10-17, 562 (7728): 545–547. Bibcode:2018Natur.562..545C. PMID 30333628. arXiv:1712.06531可免费查阅. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0606-0. 
  17. ^ Breaking: LIGO Detects Gravitational Waves From Another Neutron Star Merger. D-brief. 2019-04-25 [2019-08-13]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-29). 
  18. ^ GraceDB |. gracedb.ligo.org. [2019-08-13]. (原始内容存档于2019-08-06). 
  19. ^ Hosseinzadeh, G.; Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Gomez, S.; Villar, V. A. Follow-up of the Neutron Star Bearing Gravitational Wave Candidate Events S190425z and S190426c with MMT and SOAR. Astrophys.J. 2019-07-18, 880 (1): L4 [2019-08-16]. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab271c. (原始内容存档于2019-08-13) (英语). 
  20. ^ Pease, Roland. Gravitational waves hunt now in overdrive. BBC News. 2019-05-02 [2019-08-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-30). 
  21. ^ Klesman, Alison. A new neutron star merger is caught on X-ray camera. 2019-04-18 [2019-04-18]. (原始内容存档于2019-04-18).  |journal=被忽略 (帮助)

外部链接


{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
中子星碰撞
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?