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丝孢酵母菌病

丝孢酵母菌病
类型弥漫型、特定器官型、医用导管型
病因丝孢酵母属真菌感染
风险因素免疫缺乏者、血液恶性疾病英语Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues患者
诊断方法血液样本培养、实验室检测
鉴别诊断念珠菌症曲霉病隐球菌病
治疗伏立康唑英语voriconazole伊曲康唑氟康唑两性霉素B
分类和外部资源
医学专科传染病学胸腔医学
DiseasesDB33307
eMedicine230705
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

丝孢酵母菌病(Trichosporonosis)是担子菌门丝孢酵母属真菌所致的侵入性感染。丝孢酵母可在人的毛发上生长,即白色毛结节菌病,一般不造成其他症状[1][2];但少数情况下丝孢酵母可对免疫缺乏的患者造成全身侵入性感染,即为丝孢酵母菌病[3]。此病最早于1970年被发现,且已有研究人员开发动物模型以深入研究此病机理[4]

丝孢酵母菌病可再细分为全身弥漫性感染(最为常见)、特定器官感染以及医用导管感染(丝孢酵母菌在导管上形成生物薄膜[4])等三种类型,弥漫型感染接受治疗后的死亡率仍然很高[4][5][6]。此病多发生于嗜中性白血球低下癌症患者,有统计显示血液恶性疾病英语Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues患者中,丝孢酵母菌病是第二常见(仅次于念珠菌症)的酵母菌感染[4][5],其他高风险族群还有体重过轻的新生儿(特别是感染HIV病毒的新生儿)、服用类固醇者、曾接受器官移植者与洗肾者等[5][6]

丝孢酵母菌病的症状与念珠菌症、曲霉病隐球菌病等全身性真菌病相似,加上免疫缺乏的患者可能同时被多种真菌、细菌与病毒感染,导致此病的诊断困难,需仰赖血液样本培养与实验室检测。治疗此病的第一线药物为抗真菌药伏立康唑英语voriconazole,其他可用药物还有伊曲康唑氟康唑两性霉素B[5]

参考文献

  1. ^ Bieber, Amy Kalowitz; Pomeranz, Miriam Keltz; Kim, Randie H. White Piedra需要付费订阅. JAMA Dermatology. 2021-03-01, 157 (3): 339. ISSN 2168-6068. PMID 33471028. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.4266. 
  2. ^ Kiken DA, Sekaran A, Antaya RJ, Davis A, Imaeda S, Silverberg NB. White piedra in children. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. December 2006, 55 (6): 956–61. PMID 17097391. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.11.1033. 
  3. ^ Marty FM, Barouch DH, Coakley EP, Baden LR. Disseminated trichosporonosis caused by Trichosporon loubieri. J. Clin. Microbiol. November 2003, 41 (11): 5317–20. PMC 262469可免费查阅. PMID 14605194. doi:10.1128/JCM.41.11.5317-5320.2003. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Colombo, Arnaldo L.; Padovan, Ana Carolina B.; Chaves, Guilherme M. Current Knowledge of Trichosporon spp. and Trichosporonosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2011-10, 24 (4): 682–700. doi:10.1128/cmr.00003-11. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Gabriel Castano; Siva Naga S. Yarrarapu; Pradeep Kumar Mada. Trichosporonosis. StatPearls. 2023 [2024-04-17]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-27). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Julapalli, Meena R.; Levy, Moise L. VIRAL AND FUNGAL SKIN INFECTIONS. Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2009: 794–809. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4160-4044-6.50072-8. 
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丝孢酵母菌病
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