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Peter Dennis Mitchell

Peter Mitchell
LahirPeter Dennis Mitchell
(1920-09-29)29 September 1920[1]
Mitcham, Surrey, Inggris
Meninggal10 April 1992(1992-04-10) (umur 71)
Bodmin, Cornwall, Inggris
KebangsaanBritania Raya
AlmamaterUniversitas Cambridge (BA, MA, PhD)
Dikenal ataspenemuan mekanisme sintesis ATP
Penghargaan
Karier ilmiah
BidangBiokimia
Institusi
DisertasiThe rates of synthesis and proportions by weight of the nucleic acid components of a Micrococcus during growth in normal and in penicillin containing media with reference to the bactericidal action of penicillin (1950)
Tanda tangan

Peter Dennis Mitchell, FRS[1] (29 September 1920 – 10 April 1992) ialah seorang kimiawan Britania Raya yang pada tahun 1978 dianugerahi Nobel Kimia untuk penelitiannya pada perubahan energi pada sel.

Ia belajar di Universitas Cambridge dan pada tahun 1950 menerima gelar doktor. Antara tahun 1955-1963 ia adalah Kepala Bagian Kimia dan Biologi di Fakultas Zoologi University of Edinburgh. Pada tahun 1954 ia menjadi kepala bagian penelitian di Glynn Research Laboratories.

ia mempelajari mitokondria, "tenaga penggerak" sel hidup. Ia merumuskan teori kemiosmotik, yang sebagai "Hipotesis Mitchell" yang diperdebatkan dalam jangka panjang dan kadang-kadang menimbulkan kontroversi. Sejak saat itu, penemuan Mitchell atas penggabungan kemiosmotik menjadi batu penjuru penting pada biokimia modern. Ia menjelaskan, seperti pada sel, transpor proton melalui biomembran untuk perubahan adenosin difosfat (ADP) hingga adenosin trifosfat (ATP) dapat digunakan. ia menjelaskan pemahaman protisitas, tentang analogi di antara aliran proton dan penekanan arus listrik.

Untuk penemuannya pada penggabungan kemiosmoyik, pada tahun 1978 ia dianugerahi Nobel Kimia. Pada tahun 1981 Mitchell dianugerahi Copley Medal dari Royal Society.

Literatur

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  • Mitchell, P. (1961): Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemi-osmotic type of mechanism. Nature. Bd. 191, S. 144-148. PMID 13771349
  • Mitchell, P. (1979): Keilin's respiratory chain concept and its chemiosmotic consequences. In: Science. Bd. 206, Nr. 4423, S. 1148-1159. PMID 388618

Lihat pula

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  • Sintesis ATP

Referensi

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  1. ^ a b c Slater, E. C. (1994). "Peter Dennis Mitchell. 29 September 1920 – 10 April 1992". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 40: 282–305. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1994.0040. 


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Peter Dennis Mitchell
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