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Ácido treonucleico

O ácido treonucleico ou ácido nucleico de treosa (ATN ou, en inglés, TNA) é un polímero similar ao ADN ou ARN pero con diferente composición do seu "esqueleto". O ATN non se atopa na natureza, senón que se sintetiza quimicamente [1].

O ADN e o ARN teñen un esqueleto formado polos azucres desoxirribosa e ribosa, respectivamente, enlazados con fosfatos, mentres que o esqueleto do ATN está composto por repetidas unidades de treosa unidas por enlace fosfodiéster [2]. A este esqueleto están unidas as bases nitroxenadas tanto no ADN coma no ARN e ATN. A treosa é un monosacárido de catro carbonos máis fácil de ensamblar no polímero ca a ribosa [3].

No laboratorio conseguíronse crear cadeas híbridas ADN-ATN utilizando ADN polimerase.

O ATN pode hibridar tanto con ADN coma con ARN dun modo específico de secuencia; esta capacidade e a súa simplicidade química suxire que o ATN puido ser un hipotético precursor do ARN como material xenético na orixe da vida na Terra.

  1. Orgel, Leslie (2000). "A Simpler Nucleic Acid". Science 290 (5495): 1306–1307. PMID 11185405. doi:10.1126/science.290.5495.1306. 
  2. Schoning, K; Scholz P; Guntha S; Wu X; Krishnamurthy R; Eschenmoser A (2000). "Chemical etiology of nucleic acid structure: the alpha-threofuranosyl-(3'->2') oligonucleotide system.". Science 290 (5495): 1347–51. PMID 11082060. doi:10.1126/science.290.5495.1347. 
  3. Watt, Gregory (2005). "Modified nucleic acids on display". Nature Chemical Biology. doi:10.1038/nchembio005. 

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Ácido treonucleico
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