MARK2

MARK2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3IEC, 5EAK
Identifiers
Aliases	MARK2, EMK-1, EMK1, PAR-1, Par-1b, Par1b, microtubule affinity regulating kinase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 600526; MGI: 99638; HomoloGene: 69013; GeneCards: MARK2; OMA:MARK2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	63,911,020 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)
End	7,319,225 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; skin of abdomen; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; skin of leg; ; monocyte; ; rectum; ; minor salivary glands; ; islet of Langerhans; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; apex of heart;
	Top expressed in
	Ileal epithelium; ; zygote; ; corneal stroma; ; superior surface of tongue; ; CA3 field; ; lactiferous gland; ; cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle; ; granulocyte; ; plantaris muscle; ; secondary oocyte;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; nucleotide binding; protein kinase activity; protein kinase activator activity; metal ion binding; kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; tau-protein kinase activity; protein binding; ATP binding; magnesium ion binding; lipid binding; RNA binding; cadherin binding; tau protein binding;
Cellular component	microtubule bundle; cytoplasm; lateral plasma membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; mitochondrion; actin filament; cytoskeleton; nucleoplasm; dendrite; cell projection;
Biological process	cell differentiation; intracellular signal transduction; phosphorylation; mitochondrion localization; neuron migration; Wnt signaling pathway; regulation of axonogenesis; multicellular organism development; protein phosphorylation; autophagy of mitochondrion; establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity; positive regulation of neuron projection development; protein autophosphorylation; peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; activation of protein kinase activity; regulation of cytoskeleton organization; establishment of cell polarity; microtubule cytoskeleton organization; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; axon development; regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization; establishment or maintenance of cell polarity regulating cell shape; regulation of microtubule binding;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2011
	13728
	ENSG00000072518
	ENSMUSG00000024969
	Q7KZI7
	Q05512
	NM_001039469; NM_001163296; NM_001163297; NM_004954; NM_017490
	NM_001080388; NM_001080389; NM_001080390; NM_007928
	NP_001034558; NP_001156768; NP_001156769; NP_004945; NP_059672
	NP_001073857; NP_001073858; NP_001073859; NP_031954
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Serine/threonine-protein kinase MARK2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MARK2 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Function

EMK (ELKL Motif Kinase) is a small family of ser/thr protein kinases involved in the control of cell polarity, microtubule stability and cancer. Several cDNA clones have been isolated that encoded two isoforms of the human ser/thr protein kinase EMK1. These isoforms were characterized by the presence of a 162-bp alternative exon that gave rise to two forms, one containing the exon and the other one lacking it. Both forms were found to be coexpressed in a number of selected cell lines and tissue samples. The human EMK1 was shown to be encoded by a single mRNA ubiquitously expressed.^[7]

Interactions

MARK2 has been shown to interact with AKT1.^[8]

References

Courseaux A, Fernandes M, Grosgeorge J, Inglis J, Raynaud SD, Gaudray P (1995). "Human EMK1 is located on 11q12-q13, close to COX8 and FTH1". Mamm. Genome. 6 (4): 311–2. doi:10.1007/BF00352433. PMID 7613050. S2CID 37616665.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
Schultz SJ, Nigg EA (1994). "Identification of 21 novel human protein kinases, including 3 members of a family related to the cell cycle regulator nimA of Aspergillus nidulans". Cell Growth Differ. 4 (10): 821–30. PMID 8274451.
Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
Courseaux A, Grosgeorge J, Gaudray P, Pannett AA, Forbes SA, Williamson C, Bassett D, Thakker RV, Teh BT, Farnebo F, Shepherd J, Skogseid B, Larsson C, Giraud S, Zhang CX, Salandre J, Calender A (1997). "Definition of the minimal MEN1 candidate area based on a 5-Mb integrated map of proximal 11q13. The European Consortium on Men1, (GENEM 1; Groupe d'Etude des Néoplasies Endocriniennes Multiples de type 1)". Genomics. 37 (3): 354–65. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0570. PMID 8938448.
Drewes G, Ebneth A, Preuss U, Mandelkow EM, Mandelkow E (1997). "MARK, a novel family of protein kinases that phosphorylate microtubule-associated proteins and trigger microtubule disruption". Cell. 89 (2): 297–308. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80208-1. PMID 9108484. S2CID 15647848.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Sun TQ, Lu B, Feng JJ, Reinhard C, Jan YN, Fantl WJ, Williams LT (2001). "PAR-1 is a Dishevelled-associated kinase and a positive regulator of Wnt signalling". Nat. Cell Biol. 3 (7): 628–36. doi:10.1038/35083016. PMID 11433294. S2CID 1128604.
Brajenovic M, Joberty G, Küster B, Bouwmeester T, Drewes G (2004). "Comprehensive proteomic analysis of human Par protein complexes reveals an interconnected protein network". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (13): 12804–11. doi:10.1074/jbc.M312171200. PMID 14676191.
Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, Angrand PO, Bergamini G, Croughton K, Cruciat C, Eberhard D, Gagneur J, Ghidelli S, Hopf C, Huhse B, Mangano R, Michon AM, Schirle M, Schlegl J, Schwab M, Stein MA, Bauer A, Casari G, Drewes G, Gavin AC, Jackson DB, Joberty G, Neubauer G, Rick J, Kuster B, Superti-Furga G (2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. PMID 14743216. S2CID 11683986.
Lizcano JM, Göransson O, Toth R, Deak M, Morrice NA, Boudeau J, Hawley SA, Udd L, Mäkelä TP, Hardie DG, Alessi DR (2005). "LKB1 is a master kinase that activates 13 kinases of the AMPK subfamily, including MARK/PAR-1". EMBO J. 23 (4): 833–43. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600110. PMC 381014. PMID 14976552.
Hueso M, Beltran V, Moreso F, Ciriero E, Fulladosa X, Grinyó JM, Serón D, Navarro E (2004). "Splicing alterations in human renal allografts: detection of a new splice variant of protein kinase Par1/Emk1 whose expression is associated with an increase of inflammation in protocol biopsies of transplanted patients". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1689 (1): 58–65. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.01.008. PMID 15158914.
Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP (2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (33): 12130–5. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10112130B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935.
Suzuki A, Hirata M, Kamimura K, Maniwa R, Yamanaka T, Mizuno K, Kishikawa M, Hirose H, Amano Y, Izumi N, Miwa Y, Ohno S (2004). "aPKC acts upstream of PAR-1b in both the establishment and maintenance of mammalian epithelial polarity". Curr. Biol. 14 (16): 1425–35. Bibcode:2004CBio...14.1425S. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.08.021. PMID 15324659. S2CID 293494.
Cohen D, Rodriguez-Boulan E, Müsch A (2004). "Par-1 promotes a hepatic mode of apical protein trafficking in MDCK cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (38): 13792–7. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10113792C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0403684101. PMC 518835. PMID 15365179.
Hazarika P, McCarty MF, Prieto VG, George S, Babu D, Koul D, Bar-Eli M, Duvic M (2004). "Up-regulation of Flotillin-2 is associated with melanoma progression and modulates expression of the thrombin receptor protease activated receptor 1". Cancer Res. 64 (20): 7361–9. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0823. PMID 15492257.

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

MARK2

Function

Interactions

References

Further reading

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