GNG3

GNG3
Identifiers
Aliases	GNG3, G protein subunit gamma 3, HG3D
External IDs	OMIM: 608941; MGI: 102704; HomoloGene: 22575; GeneCards: GNG3; OMA:GNG3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	62,709,201 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)
End	8,816,558 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right frontal lobe; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ; prefrontal cortex; ; cingulate gyrus; ; anterior cingulate cortex; ; Brodmann area 9; ; spinal ganglia; ; amygdala; ; ganglionic eminence;
	Top expressed in
	perirhinal cortex; ; entorhinal cortex; ; central gray substance of midbrain; ; medial dorsal nucleus; ; CA3 field; ; inferior colliculus; ; subiculum; ; superior colliculus; ; primary motor cortex; ; paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor binding; signal transducer activity; type 1 angiotensin receptor binding; protein binding; GTPase activity; G-protein beta-subunit binding;
Cellular component	cell body; plasma membrane; dendrite; membrane; heterotrimeric G-protein complex; postsynaptic density; G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex;
Biological process	positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; signal transduction;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2785
	14704
	ENSG00000162188
	ENSMUSG00000071658
	P63215
	P63216
	NM_012202
	NM_010316
	NP_036334
	NP_034446
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG3 gene.^[5]^[6]

G proteins are heterotrimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Gamma subunits, such as GNG3, contribute to the specificity of the hundreds of receptor signaling pathways involving G proteins (Schwindinger et al., 2004).[supplied by OMIM]^[6]

References

Wedegaertner PB, Wilson PT, Bourne HR (1995). "Lipid modifications of trimeric G proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (2): 503–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.2.503. PMID 7822269.
Garcia-Higuera I, Thomas TC, Yi F, Neer EJ (1996). "Intersubunit surfaces in G protein alpha beta gamma heterotrimers. Analysis by cross-linking and mutagenesis of beta gamma". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1): 528–35. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.1.528. PMID 8550614.
Yan K, Kalyanaraman V, Gautam N (1996). "Differential ability to form the G protein betagamma complex among members of the beta and gamma subunit families". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (12): 7141–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.12.7141. PMID 8636150.
Morishita R, Saga S, Kawamura N, et al. (1997). "Differential localization of the gamma 3 and gamma 12 subunits of G proteins in the mammalian brain". J. Neurochem. 68 (2): 820–7. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020820.x. PMID 9003074. S2CID 83968908.
Bell B, Xing H, Yan K, et al. (1999). "KSR-1 binds to G-protein betagamma subunits and inhibits beta gamma-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (12): 7982–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.12.7982. PMID 10075696.
Hurowitz EH, Melnyk JM, Chen YJ, et al. (2000). "Genomic characterization of the human heterotrimeric G protein alpha, beta, and gamma subunit genes". DNA Res. 7 (2): 111–20. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.2.111. PMID 10819326.
Evanko DS, Thiyagarajan MM, Siderovski DP, Wedegaertner PB (2001). "Gbeta gamma isoforms selectively rescue plasma membrane localization and palmitoylation of mutant Galphas and Galphaq". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (26): 23945–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101154200. PMID 11294873.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7220–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210304200. PMID 12486123.
Kato C, Mizutani T, Tamaki H, et al. (2004). "Characterization of heterotrimeric G protein complexes in rice plasma membrane". Plant J. 38 (2): 320–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02046.x. PMID 15078334.
Schwindinger WF, Giger KE, Betz KS, et al. (2004). "Mice with Deficiency of G Protein γ3 Are Lean and Have Seizures". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (17): 7758–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.17.7758-7768.2004. PMC 506985. PMID 15314181.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.

GNG3

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