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Landdros.
Landdros is die titel van 'n staatsamptenaar met beperkte plaaslike regsprekende en bestuursverpligtinge. Die titel is afkomstig uit Nederlands waar “land” verwys na streek en “dros” na 'n regterlike amptenaar op die platteland. 'n Landdros is die belangrikste verteenwoordiger van die sentrale regering in die distrik waarin hy werksaam is.
Op 31 Augustus 1682 is Johannes Mulder op Stellenbosch as die eerste landdros in die Kaapkolonie aangestel. Hy was as landdros voorsitter van die kommissie van landdros en heemrade. Op 31 Desember 1827 is die amp van landdros afgeskaf en vervang met 'n siviele kommissaris en 'n plaaslike magistraat. Die magistraat sou met minder administratiewe pligte belas word.
Na die Groot Trek het die Voortrekkers die amp van landdros in die Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek en die Republiek van die Oranje-Vrystaat ingevoer.
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