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M88

M 88
螺旋星系 M88
观测数据
历元J2000
星座 后髮座
赤经 12h 31m 59.2s[1]
赤纬 +14° 25′ 14″[1]
视直径(V) 6.9 × 3.7 moa[1]
视星等(V)10.4[1]
特征
类型SA(rs)b, HII Sy2[1]
天体测定
径向速度 2281 ± 3[1]km/s
红移 0.007609 ± 0.000010[1]
银心速度 2235 ± 4 km/s
距离 47 ± 8 Mly(14.41 ± 2.45 Mpc
其他编号
NGC 4501, UGC 7675, PGC 41517, VCC 1401[1]
参考星表
SIMBAD Search M88 data
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参见:星系星系列表

M88(也稱為梅西耶88NGC 4501)是一個距離太陽5,000萬至6,000萬光年的一個螺旋星系[2][3][4]。它位於星座后髮座,在1781年就被梅西耶發現。

性質

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以檸檬山24英吋望遠鏡看見的M88。

M88是屬於室女座星系團的15個梅西耶天體之一。在室女座星系團的目錄中,它在2096個星系中的序號是1401號[5]。M88可能有個高度橢圓的軌道,正將它帶往星系團的中心,佔據在中心的是巨大的橢圓星系M87。M88目前距離中心30萬至48萬秒差距,大約再過2億至3億年會最接近核心。M88穿越室女座星系團中星際物質的運動會創造出撞擊的壓力,剝離星系外圍的中性氫氣體。這種剝離現象已經在M88的西部,星系前進方向的前緣,被檢測到[6]

哈伯太空望遠鏡拍攝的M88。

這個星系與我們的視線方向傾斜64°[7]。它的分類型態是Sbc,介於Sb與Sc之間,是在中度擠壓和低度擠壓中間的狀態。螺旋臂的結構很有規律,可以追尋到星系的核心[8]。氣體旋轉的最大速度是241.6 ± 4.5 km/s[9]

M88也被分類為西佛星系的西佛2型,這意味著在它的核心氣體是高度電離,會發射窄頻譜線[10]。它的核心是向中央凝聚的區域,直徑有230秒差距,有兩個凝聚的峰值,這是螺旋臂匯入核心的區域[11]。在星系核心的超大質量黑洞質量約為107.9太陽質量,或是8,000萬倍太陽的質量[12]

1999年,在這個星系中發現超新星 1999cl[13]

相關條目

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參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Results for NGC 4501. NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. California Institute of Technology. [2006-11-14]. (原始内容存档于2013-06-25). 
  2. ^ Object Information. 20 September 2009 [26 December 2012]. (原始内容存档于2020-01-13). 
  3. ^ Explanation. 30 January 2010 [26 December 2012]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-25). 
  4. ^ M88. 29 June 2011 [26 December 2012]. (原始内容存档于2013-01-06). 
  5. ^ Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II – A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area. Astronomical Journal. 1985, 90: 1681–1759. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90.1681B. doi:10.1086/113874. 
  6. ^ Vollmer, B.; et al. Pre-peak ram pressure stripping in the Virgo cluster spiral galaxy NGC 4501. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2008, 483 (1): 89–106. Bibcode:2008A&A...483...89V. arXiv:0801.4874可免费查阅. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078139. 
  7. ^ Tully, R. B.; Fisher, J. R. A new method of determining distances to galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 1977, 54 (3): 661–673. Bibcode:1977A&A....54..661T. 
  8. ^ Möllenhoff, C.; Heidt, J. Surface photometry of spiral galaxies in NIR: Structural parameters of disks and bulges. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2001, 368 (1): 16–37. Bibcode:2001A&A...368...16M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000335. 
  9. ^ Database for physics of galaxies. HyperLeda. Université de Lyon. [2009-09-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-10-27). 
  10. ^ L. S. Sparke; J. S. Gallagher III. Galaxies in the Universe: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-521-67186-6. 
  11. ^ Onodera, S.; Sofue, Y.; Koda, J.; Nakanishi, H.; Kohno, K. CO (J=1-0) Observations of the Non-Barred Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 4501. Ikeuchi, S.; Hearnshaw, J.; Hanawa, T. (编). Proceedings of the IAU 8th Asian-Pacific Regional Meeting. 2002. Bibcode:2002aprm.conf..199O. 
  12. ^ Merloni, Andrea; Heinz, Sebastian; di Matteo, Tiziana. A Fundamental Plane of black hole activity. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2003, 345 (4): 1057–1076. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.345.1057M. arXiv:astro-ph/0305261可免费查阅. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07017.x. 
  13. ^ James, N. D. Supernova 1999cl in NGC 4501 (M88). Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 1999, 109 (4): 178. Bibcode:1999JBAA..109..178J. 

外部連結

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M88
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